Original Research
Geography and plan
Shapour Zarifian; Somaye latifi
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine and spatial analysis of rural development level in rural districts of Hamedan province by using MCDM techniques. To assess the development level of rural districts, 53 indexes were defined in eight groups: demographic, infrastructure, education, health, communication, ...
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The present study aimed to determine and spatial analysis of rural development level in rural districts of Hamedan province by using MCDM techniques. To assess the development level of rural districts, 53 indexes were defined in eight groups: demographic, infrastructure, education, health, communication, services, administrative and economic. The weight of indexes was determined using AHP, entropy methods and combining the results of these two methods. Then, the development levels of the rural districts were determined through such techniques as TOPSIS, SAW and numerical taxonomy. The final ranking of rural districts was undertaken by integration of the results of these techniques using mean ranking, Borda and Copeland methods. The rural districts were ranked according to the final results and were classified using GIS software. According to the attained results, Mohajeran, Alvand Koh gharbi and Green were ranked as the most developed rural areas and additionally, Gian, Komazan Sofla and Goltapeh were ranked as the most underdeveloped rural areas in Hamedan province. The rural districts of Hamedan province are very different from each other and there exist many inequalities in them in terms of development level and also, the distribution of facilities and services have not been performed across the rural districts according to spatial justice in such a manner that most of the underdeveloped rural districts are located far away from the city centers of townships and the capital of Hamedan and do not enjoy the benefits of development.
Original Research
Agricultural Extension and Education
Bahman Khosravipour; Soheila Pourjavid
Abstract
Entrepreneurship is a process that plays a critical role in the continued growth and national development plays. Its importance to the point that economists, entrepreneurs are the engine of economic growth and development. Promote women's entrepreneurial activities, effective stimulus to growth and economic ...
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Entrepreneurship is a process that plays a critical role in the continued growth and national development plays. Its importance to the point that economists, entrepreneurs are the engine of economic growth and development. Promote women's entrepreneurial activities, effective stimulus to growth and economic development and improve the quality of their life is. The aim of this study was to identify factors affecting the development of entrepreneurship in small businesses (SME) Rural Women Islamabad city was using the techniques of content analysis. This form of qualitative research is done with the participation of 48 entrepreneurship Rural Women Islamabad city. Information is collected through interviews with women entrepreneurs, and Content analysis was used to analyze the data. The content analysis showed that, personal factors, environmental factors, Socio-cultural factors, motivational factors, Education and extension, Policy factors and management factors, the general factors that are influencing the entrepreneurship in small businesses (SME) Rural. Therefore, with regard to the results of the analysis has been done to increase slightly the number of entrepreneurs in rural, Quality improvement category entrepreneurship in rural small businesses (SME) and the culture of entrepreneurship And self-employed in rural communities, especially among rural women whose arms are capable of rural activities, Policy to encourage and support small businesses (SME) Rural women are recommended by the government. Therefore Regarding the variables of each of these components and strengthen them can Motivate women in rural areas and development of the business in the village.
Original Research
Agricultural Extension and Education
Tahereh Maleki; parviz golparvar; shapur zarifian
Abstract
Rural entrepreneurship, as an economic force for sustainable rural development plays a key role in the achievement of social and economic development in a society. One of the best examples of rural entrepreneurship is rural micro business that creates jobs, generate wealth and contribute to a more equitable ...
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Rural entrepreneurship, as an economic force for sustainable rural development plays a key role in the achievement of social and economic development in a society. One of the best examples of rural entrepreneurship is rural micro business that creates jobs, generate wealth and contribute to a more equitable distribution of income that much attention has been paid by rural development experts to it, recently. But, unfortunately, based on evidence, development of rural micro businesses in our country has faced many challenges. Therefore, the purpose of this survey research was to determine the Barriers Factors for developing rural micro-businesses. 130 head of household was selected using stratified random sampling technique. The results of factor analysis showed, four factors instance: the weakness of socio-cultural structure that affecting on rural entrepreneurship, technical-Protective barriers, Manufacturing-marketing barriers, institutional-legal barriers determined 59.4 percent of total variance barriers to rural micro business development. The results of this study have practical implications for is entrepreneurship policy – makers due to resolve rural micro business barriers and provide required strategies for developing them.
Original Research
Fereshteh Hafezi; Mehdi Rahimian; Saeid Gholamrezai
Abstract
The main purpose of this survey research is to evaluate the rural youth tendency to employment in agricultural sub-sectors in the Beyranshahr County in the Lorestan province. The statistical population consisted of 15 to 24-year old youth in the Beyranshahr County (N= 1404). Then 181 of them were selected ...
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The main purpose of this survey research is to evaluate the rural youth tendency to employment in agricultural sub-sectors in the Beyranshahr County in the Lorestan province. The statistical population consisted of 15 to 24-year old youth in the Beyranshahr County (N= 1404). Then 181 of them were selected as a statistical sample by using Cochran’s formula. The samples were selected in two stages. The first step is choosing the sample size proportional to the population in every village. Then, the samples that was specified in each village were chosen and the data was collected by using a questionnaire. Questionnaire's reliability and validity were confirmed, respectively through computing Cronbach's alpha coefficient and content validity. Finally, the data was analyzed by the SPSS software. The result showed that youth of the Beyranshahr County have respectively the most and least tendency to employment in horticulture and brokering (purchase and sale) of agricultural products. In addition, the tendency of youth to employment in the horticulture sub-sector such as collecting and processing medicinal plants in the forest and pastures and or industrial processes and packaging them exist more in youth in whose villages such activities are dominant as compared with the youth in whose villages such activities are not dominant.
Original Research
Agricultural Extension and Education
Somayeh shahbazi; Aliasghar mirakzadeh; Amirhossein alibaygi
Abstract
Social health is essential in the social development of rural folks, especially rural women, in the welfare and promotion of their social and human capital. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of social health and its challenges from the perspective of rural women in the Kermanshah province. ...
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Social health is essential in the social development of rural folks, especially rural women, in the welfare and promotion of their social and human capital. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of social health and its challenges from the perspective of rural women in the Kermanshah province. The research method used is descriptive-survey based on documentary and field method (using a questionnaire tool). The statistical population consisted of rural women in the Ghalaeshahin district in the province of Kermanshah (5561 people). 209 such women were selected according to Bartlett et al. Chart by two-stage cluster sampling. The results showed that most of the subjects studied had a moderate level of social health, communication skills and social support. Among the variables studied in the research, watching TV, active recreation, communication skills and social support with social health of rural women had a significant relationship. Finally, 49 percent of the variance was for the variables of active recreation, watching television and communication skills. In order to identify social health challenges, exploratory factor analysis was used and finally the five challenges namely economic, cultural, individual, institutional and management were determined. The most important challenge was the economic challenge that covered 13.43 percent of the total variance. Since communication skills and social health of rural women is moderate, we recommend that social health centers of welfare organization, national youth organizations and or rural extension agents as a social worker, with the participation of rural women to develop the educational content of communication skills and social health promotion.
Original Research
Agricultural Extension and Education
Asghar Bagheri; Naier Emami; Mahnaz Mohamadzadeh
Abstract
Cooperatives by strengthening social capital play an important role in improving the performance of social, cultural and the environmental institutions and improve the effectiveness of their role. The aim of this study was to compare social capital of active and inactive agricultural production cooperatives ...
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Cooperatives by strengthening social capital play an important role in improving the performance of social, cultural and the environmental institutions and improve the effectiveness of their role. The aim of this study was to compare social capital of active and inactive agricultural production cooperatives in Ardabil County of Iran. Survey research method was used in this study. All members of agricultural production cooperatives consisted the statistical population of the study (N= 2009). Using stratified random sampling method, a sample consisting 180 members of both groups of the cooperatives was selected for data collection. A researchers made questionnaire including four dimensions of social capital and demographic characteristics was used as instrument of the study. The instrument was validated by a panel of experts consisting faculty members and bureau of cooperative. Cronbach's alpha coefficients showed high reliability of the instrument (α= 0.720-0.938). Stratified random sampling was used. Based on the results, significant difference was found between active and inactive cooperatives in relation to all components of social capital and members of active cooperatives showed higher level of social capital than their counterparts in inactive co-ops. The status of most components of social capital in active cooperatives was in high-level and medium level was identified in inactive cooperatives. Based on the variables of gender, marital status, education levels and years of membership, significant difference was found between members of active co-ops.
Original Research
Geography and plan
saeed maleki; mahmud abiyat; ali keumarsi
Abstract
One of the things that is important in waste management. Topic, Site Selection landfill and leachate from this landfill in the rural areas. So far in relation to aquifer pollution vulnerability assessment by using these models or similar models (like Avi and Drastic, Si, etc.) Many studies have been ...
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One of the things that is important in waste management. Topic, Site Selection landfill and leachate from this landfill in the rural areas. So far in relation to aquifer pollution vulnerability assessment by using these models or similar models (like Avi and Drastic, Si, etc.) Many studies have been done. But According To The importance of waste and its impact on the surrounding environment as well as pollution of groundwater by leachate waste, this model is described as a powerful instrument for the protection of these areas that are affected by contaminants.The aims of this research the application of the GODS model in selection of appropriate area of the rural landfill. In fact should be select landfill sites that have the least impact on the aquifer pollution. Methods of collecting this research uses attritional, case study and study method are descriptive-analytical methods .In this Study, Gods model was used to landfill site selection. Each of these models are made from combining the hydrogeological parameters affecting the transport of contaminants to the aquifer. These parameters appear in the GIS software for seven layer that the necessary checks on them. Results show By using Gods model in the current situation, about 1.6 % of the study area in total In a state of vulnerability has been very low and be negligible that Can be determined by taking these areas are great place to landfill.
Original Research
Geography and plan
Hamdollah sojasi Qeydari; yaghoub esfaram
Abstract
Rural management of various aspects of the study It is always research. One of the aspects that an effective role in the development process and strengthen the function of rural management Analyzing the role of local management in the development of physical and reduce the physical vulnerability of rural ...
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Rural management of various aspects of the study It is always research. One of the aspects that an effective role in the development process and strengthen the function of rural management Analyzing the role of local management in the development of physical and reduce the physical vulnerability of rural areas in accordance with sustainable development. The main objective of this study is to investigate the local management and good governance to reduce the physical vulnerability. For this purpose, 9 indicators good governance and 7 indicators of physical vulnerability required to analysis of the role local management is to reduce the physical vulnerability. Analytical descriptive way and quantitation data and utilizes the model TOPSIS, test T-TEST, Pearson test and multiple regression were investigated. The results showed that the studied area in terms of governance and of physical vulnerability are not suitable. Findings of this research emphasizes this point the direct relation between good governance for rural and physical development and there has been intense. With low levels of rural local management and good governance will be improved level of physical development. Multiple regression analysis also showed. Which if implemented could improve good governance indicators of vulnerability in terms of physical impact and provide a stable environment. Notifying the rural community of technical systems, delegation of authority and greater power to government agencies and local institutions in developing people's empowerment and capacity building housing including practical suggestions in this regard.