Rural Development Strategies

Abstract The present study aims to estimate there creational value of the forest park named Chehelchay in Golestan province in visitor viewpoints, and investigate factors affecting willingness to pay, using conditional valuation and double-choice questionnaire. For this purpose, using 183 questionnaires completed through visitors, individual’s willingness to pay measured by the Logit model. The results suggest that the willingness to pay to use recreational value of Chehelchay strait is correlated directly to income and education variables and inversely related to price, age and gender significantly. So that one percent increase in the amount of the amount bid, the probability of accepting money in part of tourists will reduced to 40 percent. Average willingness to pay for forest park was obtained 19742 Rial at each visit. According to number annual visitors, the annual value of recreational value is estimated about 2 billion Rials. This results, denote the importance of annual investment in the region in order to increase the willingness of tourists visiting and tourism incomes of such area.

Abstract Cultivation of the strategic crop of rice highly depends to the existence of sufficient and guaranteed irrigation water, and water shortage stresses have irreparable effects on yield and quality of productions. Decrease of the Sefidrud river inflow in Guilan province which is the main source of supplying irrigation water for 171 thousand hectares under rice cropping area of this province, has been challenged sufficient and guaranteed irrigation water supply in many regions of mentioned province. Hence, in present study estimating the value that paddy farmers place on sufficient and guaranteed irrigation water supply has been considered. Economic valuation of sufficient and guaranteed irrigation water supply improves water resource management policies in demand side. Requested data set were obtained on the base of a survey and are collected from 224 paddy farms in rural regions that faced with irrigation water shortages. Then, using open-ended valuation approach and estimation of Tobit model via ML and two stages Heckman approach, eliciting paddy farmers' willingness to pay for sufficient and guaranteed irrigation water supply has been accomplished. Results revealed that farmers in investigated regions willing to pay 26.49 percent more than present costs of providing irrigation water in order to have sufficient and guaranteed irrigation water.

Abstract Agriculture sector needs to particular attention for the formulation of economic policy due to noteworthy facilities of the country in its sector, economic activity of many populations in it and important contribution of this sector in non-oil export. In the issues agricultural development, credit is one of the solutions to fix financial problems of farmers. In this study, the effect of agricultural bank payment facility is investigated on the value added agricultural sub- sectors of agronomy and horticulture, animal husbandry and fisheries. The Cobb - Douglas function as the best choice is estimated by using panel data model and fixed effect method over the period 1991-2009, that labor force, capital stock and payment facilities variables are entered as independent variables in model. The results show that payment facilities have an impact of positive completely significant on the value added agricultural sub sectors. Based on the results, payment facilities respectively have had an impact on sub-sectors of the fisheries, agronomy and horticulture and animal husbandry to the amount of % 0.12, %0.06 and % 0.005. According to the different influence of payment facilities on the sub-sectors growth, it suggests that will be reviewed in its percentage and how to payment.

Abstract

Abstract Agriculture engineering and technical consulting services were initially established in 2008 by the establishment of a network of NGOs in order to reduce the problems of the agricultural sector in line with privatization and downsizing of the government. The main objective of this study was to investigate the factors that affect the success of technical and agricultural engineering consulting firms in the Isfahan province (2012). The statistical population of this research consisted of members of the boards of directors and the managing directors of such firms in the Isfahan province. The study sample consisted of 130 subjects from the members of boards of directors and the managing directors were who selected by using  Cochran formula. The field data required was been collected through questionnaires and interviews. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and its reliability was confirmed by the use of Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and it was calculated to be 0.83. The results of research showed that the success rate of technical and agricultural engineering consulting firms was evaluated to be 53.2% at the medium. The result of multiple regression analysis showed that about 40% of the success rate factors for of technical and agricultural engineering consulting firms based on the Beta index could be attributed to passing training courses in management procedures (0.382), giving financial rewards to members for optimal performance (0.278), number of contracts with other public and private organizations (0.249) and having entrepreneurship characteristics (0.220).

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the action of rangeland-depended livestock holders regarding rangeland conservation, including protection and rehabilitation activities and to analyse relevant influencing factors, using a mixed method of survey and case study. The data were collected through analysing existing documents, focus groups, semi-structured and structured interviews using questionnaires submitted to 204 rural livestock holders in the Mahneshan Township. The quantitative data were analysed using SPSS and AMOS software. According to the results farmers’ knowledge regarding the role, importance and factors affecting rangeland degradation was relatively high, however they had a low level of knowledge and action about mechanical conservation techniques. The action of livestock holders in terms of biological conservation activities and grazing management showed a positive and signifincat corrletaion with variables such as implementing of rangeland projects, their interaction with external institutions, participating in extension training courses, education level and irrigated and rainfed agricultural land size. Moreover, based on a path analysis, 37% of the variance of the farmers’ actions regarding the rangeland conservation was explained by the variables such as rangeland rehabilitation actions, farmers’ conservation knowledge, farmers’ interaction with natural resources experts, beekeeping, and participating in extension training courses. Promotional and extension activities and farmers’ interaction with experts have a positive effect in enhancing farmers’ knowledge and actions for sustainable rangeland use and conservation.

Abstract The development of rural tourism requires recognizing the priorities of tourists and trying to upgrade and adapt the attractions and capabilities of the village to the needs of visitors, so that re-visits, introduction and recommendation to be visited by other tourists. The purpose of this study is to investigate the appropriateness of tourists' priorities with their objective perception of the tourist destination. The statistical population of the study was the tourists of the target villages of Tarom city and considering that the number of tourists entering the villages is not known, 100 tourists were selected as the sample. The data collection method is both documentary and field methods and the main focus of the research is on field findings that have been collected through interviews and questionnaires. In the present study, tourists' priorities have been determined and discussed in 4 general dimensions of infrastructure, attractions, marketing and education, 15 sub-sections and 59 components. For data analysis, descriptive statistics methods (mean and frequency) and for inferential analysis, two techniques of importance-quality (SERVQUAL) and importance-performance have been used. Based on this, the results show the products and products offered. Agricultural tourism opportunities, rural security, natural tourism opportunities, services and accommodation are the main priorities of tourists and despite the capabilities and capabilities of tourism development in target villages, due to the high expectations of tourists from rural tourism capabilities, the difference between the average importance and quality Perceived in the mentioned four dimensions was negative, so that the education dimension with an average gap of -1.12 had the most and marketing with an average gap of -0.24 had the least difference. According to the IPA matrix, the three dimensions of infrastructure, attractions and marketing are in the strategic position of desirability and the educational dimension is in the position of desirability.

Abstract The silk industry has played an important role in encouraging investment in infrastructure, generating revenue for the government, and creating direct and indirect employment throughout the country. One of these strategies for sustainable rural development is the development and expansion of industries in rural areas. There are two types of silk weaving in Iran, industrial and traditional, the share of the traditional sector in this profession is more than 70%, which is currently a common occupation among the residents of this region in the villages of Natanz city in Isfahan province. Is. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and survey method. The time period is 1399. The statistical population of the study is 1050 Noghandans of Natanz city in ten villages of Noghan exploitation, which include 1050 households and the sample size is 320 questionnaires. In this study, we use factor analysis and Pearson test to evaluate the impact of Nogandra on rural economic development. The results showed that the most important effect and breeding of silkworm has been to move the agricultural system of the region towards the principles of sustainable economy and sustainable economy with a total 22.68 which is considered an environmental effect, followed by social effects 1). / 13 and most importantly, it has had an effect on the situation of rural women, and finally, some environmental areas 4.68 have been affected by this activity. However, the intensity of social influences has been much greater than other influences.

Abstract AIn Iran, the risk of annual floods causes great damage to the villagers of the affected areas, especially in the housing sector. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to physical resilience due to the high vulnerability of rural housing in the face of floods. Based on this, the present study has investigated the optimal strategies for physical resilience of rural housing in the face of floods. The research method is descriptive-analytical based on documentary studies and field survey After initial exploratory studies, 9 villages in Dargaz city that were most vulnerable to floods were selected as a sample.data analysis was performed using two strategic planning instruments (SWOT-QSPM(. Due to the expertise of these two tools, the research questionnaire was completed with the help of 25 rural experts (Dehyar and members of the village Islamic council). Based on initial exploratory studies, 14 strengths and opportunities were identified as advantages and 18 weaknesses and threats as constraints on the physical resilience of rural housing in the face of floods. According to the final score IFE = 2.46 And EFE=2.41 "Defensive strategies" or at least - at least as focal strategies were selected to increase the physical resilience of rural housing. The overall goal of defensive strategies, or "survival strategies," is to reduce system weaknesses to reduce and neutralize threats. Based on the analysis performed in the QSPM matrix, among the defensive strategies of "Increasing residents' knowledge and awareness of the principles of standard construction in flood-prone areas", it has obtained the highest score of 2.637 and was selected as the first strategy.

Abstract Due to the proximity to natural resources and the environment around them, the villages are most affected by the environment and are of great importance. The improper rural development poses enormous environmental challenges such as degradation of rangelands and forests, overexploitation of soil and water resources and threats to wildlife. Of course, the distribution pattern and accessibility to service-based infrastructural indicators indicates the growth and development of rural areas and the attitude towards decentralized planning in the country. This research was carried out in 2022 with the aim of identifying and rank rank service-based infrastructure indicators based on services, in the northern villages of Ardabil province, using a variety of prioritization methodologies. The research method is descriptive-analytical and applied, according to the nature and purpose of the research. 15 indicators with appropriate level of validity and consensus of executive experts and academic experts were selected to measure the infrastructure in the region. According to the results, the highest rate related to the index of access to electricity is in the villages of Meshgin Shahr with a value of 86.71% and the lowest rate related to the index of access to agricultural machinery repair shop is in Garmi city with a value of 3.86. In general, the results showed that Dasht village in Meshginshahr city was at the first level compared to other villages (Ci=0.693) and Eastern Qashlaq village in Beileswar city was at the last level (Ci=0.497). Therefore, it is suggested that while locating rural areas at different levels, especially the level of access to existing facilities, the strengthening of village facilities and expansion of infrastructure and welfare services should be prioritized.

Abstract Today, the choice of decision-making style directly affects the effectiveness of rural development plans. By knowing the characteristics of each of these styles, management institutions can choose the most efficient style according to their local needs and challenges. While the studies show that the decision-making style used in the preparation and implementation of Iran's rural development plans is of low effectiveness, this research was compiled in 1402 to rank decision-making styles based on effectiveness in the preparation and implementation of rural Development plans in Iran. The present research methodology is designed from the philosophy of positivism based on quantitative mode, which is placed in a practical framework with descriptive-explanatory purposes. The data collection method was carried out using the framework of library study and field survey, and the evaluation ranking method based on the distance from the average solution (EDAS) was used to analyze the data. The results obtained from the model show that the participatory decision-making style, with a score of 1, has the highest level of effectiveness in the preparation and implementation of Iran's rural Development plans; the Social decision-making style, with 0857 points, the technical decision-making style with 0.153 points, and authoritarian decision-making style with a minimum score of 0 are ranked next. It is inferred that the participatory decision-making style is more effective than other styles due to having two key features, namely "social outlook" and "accepting a high level of ambiguity" in the decision-making process within rural projects. The participatory decision-making style is more effective than other styles for preparing and implementing Iran's rural Development plans due to the analysis of social contexts, the creation of participation capacity for all stakeholders, and the efficient implementation of rural development programs. Therefore, it is suggested that the planners take advantage of the active participation of all actors, including the villagers, in preparing master plans from preparation to implementation.

Abstract The weak performance of the public sector (in agricultural extension systems) in providing services in recent decades has led to the presence of new agents in the field of agricultural extension and rural development. The resulting functional diversity and pluralism structure including governmental, private and non-governmental results in the facilitation of the participation of actors in various subjects. The aim of this study is to determine the function of organizations in Iran as a pluralistic extension system. The study was conducted by Delphi. The population of the study were 50 subject experts. The Delphi method of sampling is not used here, but a panel of experts on the subject with expertise and professional experience should be chosen. This research was conducted in three stages. Fourteen organizations and five categories of functioning were introduced by the panel of experts. The function of each organization was identified after removing the items on which there was less than 80 percent overall agreement. The results showed that in a pluralist system the extension of an organization can provide a service in return for payment. Therefore, the audience turns to one of the organizations based on his/her needs and conditions and the choice of the quality of service. Usually, the competitive nature of this work provides for improvement of services.

Abstract Non-farm economy is one of the newly presented concepts in rural development literature. Numerous studies have reviewed evidence and theories towards improving the concept of rural non-farm economy. However, there is not enough empirical studies in this field, especially in the developing countries. The aim of this study is to investigate factors affecting multiplicity of rural non-farm activities in the Kavar Township in the Fars province. Archival research was carried out for conducting this study as research method. Totally, 225 active rural households in various non-farm activities were selected using simple random sampling. The results showed that gender, annual household farm income, and the number of migrated members of household have a positive and significant effect on the dependent variable. The effect of benefiting from government loans on the number of non-farm activities was negative and significant. The prominent role of women in non-farm activities represents the importance of social and cultural dimensions of such activities. The results revealed that multiplicity of non-farm activities is not dependent on education. Therefore, it is not necessary to focus on education in development of rural non-farm activities. Some applicable recommendations have been presented at the end of the manuscript based on the research results.

Abstract Sustainable Livelihoods is one of the new analytical approaches to rural development that has been considered in recent years for rural development and poverty alleviation. The purpose of this study is to analyze the stability of rural livelihood in Saqez city. In order to determine the villages studied, villages were first divided into 5 groups of population and then, based on the number of villages in each population class, the number of villages in each class was determined. In total, 30 villages were selected as samples. Using the Cochran formula, 300 families were selected as the sample size and completed the questionnaire. The results of descriptive findings and one-sample T-test show that the sustainability of livelihood in all aspects of sustainable livelihoods is low in the study area. Also, the results of correlation and regression analysis show that there is a direct and meaningful relationship between the components of sustainable livelihoods, and among these components, economic and physical assets have an impact on the sustainable livelihoods of the residents. Also, the results of ANOVA and Tukey's test show that there is a significant difference between the departments of Saqez City in terms of sustainability of livelihood and the central section in terms of livelihoods sustainability has a more favorable situation to other sectors.

Abstract This paper aims to survey of tourism relationship with social well-being of villagers in the Ardabil County. This study is descriptive - analytical in terms of research methods, practical in terms of nature and is a library and field kind of research in terms of the type of data collection. The tool used in measuring the questionnaire was made by the researcher. It can be said that studied population in this study consists of all villagers living in rural areas of Ardabil County in 2017 (N= 85053), among which 385 persons were selected as statistical sample using Cochran formula. Sample size was determined based on the Cochran’s formula and the required data were collected through questionnaires. Content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by professors and experts and its reliability was determined based on Cronbach's alpha (0.84-0.93). For data analysis, SPSS software was used. The results of research showed that there was a statistically significant positive relationship between social actualization, social acceptance, social contribution, and social cohesion and development of rural tourism. Finally, based on the results analysis, some applied recommendations have been provided.

Abstract Pistacia vera is one of the important economic crops of Iran and the world. Climate is considered as the main limitation in plant expansion. In this regard, CLIMEX is one of the most advanced software for predicting the range of distribution of plant species. CLIMEX software was used to study the distribution of Pistacia vera for present and possible future climate condition.There are three groups of geographically restrictive variables for each species in this software: Growth indices, Stress indices, Limiting conditions. Potential distribution maps were prepared for the different continents for current and future climate situations. According to the results, Pistacia vera have the potential to be cultivated in countries such as Iran, parts of East China, Central Asia, the Republic of Azerbaijan, Georgia, Armenia, parts of southwestern Russia, Ukraine, Turkey and the United States. According to Climax maps, parts of China, Turkey, the United States, and parts of Eastern Europe will be prone to Pistacia vera cultivation with climate change. In Iran, it was predicted that the climate change of cultivation and expansion of this crop will be limited in the southern parts of Khorasan and Kerman provinces and on the other hand, western and northwestern regions in Iran will be prone to cultivation and expansion of this crop.The results of this study can be an effective aid in identifying areas prone to Pistacia vera cultivation and its management in the context of climate change for agricultural sector.

Abstract There are various and continuous interactions between a city and village. Thus, rural and urban areas cannot be considered separately in studies and planning. Accordingly, the main goal of this research is to identify the internal and external Spatial events of rural settlements, and to identify the role and influence of Spatial events on the formation and transformation of Spatial organization. In this research, the Spatial events that are the determining factor in the formation of the Spatial organization of the studied area are analyzed by a reticulated approach. The quiddity of the present study is exploratory, and the method is descriptive-analytic. The studied statistical population is consisted of 122 experts and managers of urban and rural settlements in Zeberkhan rural districts, 74 of them were randomly selected as sample size. The required data and information were collected, using filed study method, questionnaires, and by questioning. Secondary data was obtained by referring to principal organizations and institutions. Afterwards, the obtained data was analyzed in the framework of the network paradigm, using the network analysis method and NodeXL software. The results showed that lack of proper distribution of services and facilities and the lack of Spatial balance, caused increased displacement and movement among human settlements at a rural district level. Therefore, the three settlements of Qadamgah, Baghshan and Darrud have been made the main first to third places of traffic within the region. Also, the results of flow analysis indicate that the pattern of flows is in the form of one way links, and that the complementary, two-way and synergistic links are not formed.

Abstract paper aims to study and analysis of effects good governance on sense of social security improvement in the rural areas of Ardabil County. This study is descriptive - analytical in terms of research methods, practical in terms of nature and is a library and field kind of research in terms of the type of data collection. The tool used in measuring the questionnaire was made by the researcher.Statistical society of research included all of villagers residing in the rural areas of Ardabil County (N=85053). In addition for determining sample size the villagers of residing in the rural areas of Ardabil county was used Cochran formula. Finally, the sample size of rural youth 383 was determined. Sample size was determined based on the Cochran’s formula and the required data were collected through questionnaires. Content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by professors and experts and its reliability was determined based on Cronbach's alpha (0.74-0.88). For data analysis, SPSS software was used.The obtained results from descriptive findings show that between average of good governance components, average of transparency component (11.25) stand in the first order and average of law domination component (4.26) stand in the last order. And also, from between average of social security sense components, average of personal security (10.8) stand in the first order and average of Judicial security stand in the last order. Also, the results of research showed that there was a statistically significant positive relationship between all variables of research except for rule of law and effectiveness and efficacy variables and improvement of social security sense

Abstract The main purpose of this research was to study of rapeseed production challenges, as well as providing strategies for the development of this crop in Alborz Province. This descriptive-correctional study was conducted in two stages. In the first stage of this research, due to lack of comprehensive empirical background on the challenges of development of rapeseed cultivation in Alborz Province, the most important challenges and strategies for the development of rapeseed cultivation were collected from the perspective of experienced experts in the Organization and Management of Jihad-e-Agriculture, elite farmers and researchers through interviews. The statistical population of this part of the study was experienced experts, elite farmers and researchers in the field of research. Respondents were selected using non-probability snowball sampling. As a result of implementation of this stage and after the validity test, 46 and 27 variables were extracted as the most important challenges and strategies for the development of rapeseed cultivation in Alborz Province, respectively. In the second stage, in order to determine the importance of each identified variable from farmers' viewpoint, a questionnaire was designed in a Likert scale format and after the implementation of the pre-test and verification of its validity and reliability was given to the respondents. The statistical population of this part of the study included all farmers who were active in rapeseed cultivation during the last three years in the study area (N=142). Based on the results of factor analysis, the identified challenges were categorized into five factors, including: "poor supporting conditions; lack of resources, inputs and infrastructures; weak performance of educational-extension institutions; inadequate farm management; and plant physiological characteristics". The identified strategies were also categorized into three factors, including: "supply of inputs and infrastructures; financial support; and provision of research, extension and educational services". Improving the performance and efficiency of the Agricultural Insurance Fund, proper training of rapeseed field management by experts, and supplying and injecting special machinery for the agricultural sector are some of the suggestions that the results of this study offers to develop rapeseed cultivation in Alborz province.

Abstract Positive Psychological Capital is defined as the positive and developmental state of an individual as characterized by high self-efficacy, optimism, hope and resiliency. The main purpose of this paper is to explain the psychological capital effects on improvement of village farmer’s job satisfactions in the Ardabil County. The study sample consists of farmers in the Ardabil Province and 380 people were selected by convenience sampling. The sample size was determined based on Cochran's formula and the required data was collected through questionnaires. A questionnaire was used for data collection. The questionnaires face and content validity were confirmed by professors and experts, and its reliability was confirmed based on Cronbach's alpha (0.71-0.82). For data analysis, the SPSS software was used. The results of Pearson correlation test showed that there was a significant correlation between all research variables and job satisfactions with the reliability of %95. Moreover, the variables of optimism, resiliency and self-efficacy contained %41 of dependent variables in linear multiple regression test. Finally, according to the results of analysis, practical suggestions are presented.

Abstract The marketing of agricultural products has become increasingly important with the transition from traditional agriculture to the new stage, and given the fact that the centers of consumption of fish are far from the production areas, most of which are in the peripheral and rural areas. Considering the economic importance of fish in the country's economy and considering global competition in agricultural products and the high capacity of fish production, this study examines the marketing margin of fish and its impact on employment and attracting villagers to this profession. Data and information was collected through questionnaires from 232 salmon producers, 25 wholesale and 60 retailers in Ahwaz in 1395. In this study, data was collected by the markup-up model. The results showed that the margins of total marketing, wholesale and retail sales per kg of fish were 158585, 38268, and 120317 Rials, respectively. Also, with an increase in retail prices and the cost of marketing services, the marketing margin will increase by 89% and 0.31 units, respectively. The marketing cost coefficient of 29% of trout showed that marketing costs for salmon in Ahwaz were 29% of the average price per kilo of trout. Based on the estimated model, retail prices and marketing costs have a direct and significant relationship with producer income and have a reverse and significant relationship with the marketing margin of fish.

Abstract Management will make a decision on the future market when economic interrelationships are considered as biological relationships. This paper presents a Differential Generalized Inverse demand system to explore the market of foods containing animal protein and the relationships between different strains of food market existing in the market are discussed in detail. Statistics needed to support the company's affairs and the livestock Statistical Yearbook of Agriculture from 1974 to 2011 was used. Inverse demand system estimated generalized differential (GIDS) and test compound coefficients show that the best model for studying the demand for food containing protein villages in the country is the IAIDS model. The results showed that compensation cross elasticity indices estimated in the inverse demand substitution indicates IAIDS milk and eggs as well as meat and poultry. Quantitative Elasticity indices following theoretical foundations based on compensation were negative. This means increase in the price of any commodity its consumption drops. Meat and milk are essential products for rural consumers. The results of using the Allen elasticity of substitution also show that poultry is the best substitute for milk and vice versa. Also, poultry is the best substitute for red meat and red meat is the best substitute for eggs.

Abstract In the current period, rural handicrafts are related to the concepts of economic development due to their economic nature, which can convey the identity of villagers more and better to customers through social, cultural and ethnic messages. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify the capacities of handicrafts in rural settlements of Torbat-e Jam-Taybad cities. According to the research topic, the type of research is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population includes two groups of experts (15 people) and handicraft producers in 15 villages studied in Torbat-e-Jam-Taybad counties, among which 1380 active handicrafts were identified, of which 239 as a sample population by They were questioned by simple coincidence. Data collection methods include library and field methods with questionnaire tools. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, one-sample t-test in SPSS software and AHP. Findings showed that four economic, social, tourism and environmental factors are the most important capacities of handicrafts in the study area and in all research variables (economic, 3.40, social, 3.37, tourism, 3.26, environmental, 07 / 3) The average of the identified capacities is higher than the theoretical average, therefore, they play an effective and useful role in the rural development of the region (in relation to its economic situation, etc.). Also, the results of (AHP) among the studied variables, economic and social components with weights of 0.574, 0.167%, respectively, were recognized as the most important factors due to the prosperity of handicrafts, which tourism and environmental components, respectively, by weight 150.159 and 0.098 are less important than other factors. Therefore, identifying the potential of handicraft prosperity as a creative and innovative approach in rural development for other rural settlements is proposed.

Abstract Tourism organizations need to communicate and interact with tourists through social media. Through social media platforms, tourists independently generate and share information .The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of data mining quality on the acceptance of information by tourists on social media platforms through the mediating variable of perceived diagnostic effects, information validity in tourism target villages of Khuzestan province. It is an applied research in terms of purpose, a descriptive one, a branch of field studies, in terms of data collection, and a correlation one in terms of its nature. The statistical population of this study is tourists from the target villages of tourism in Khuzestan province. Due to the lack of access to all respondents, the study population was considered unlimited. In this study,the sampling method is convenience sampling, and based on Morgan and Krejcie table، the sample size was determined to be 384. The research data collection methods were library and field methods. In this research, face and content validity as well as construct validity were used to measure validity, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient and composite reliability coefficient were used to measure reliability. The results of structural equation analysis with PLS software showed that data mining quality was adequate on perceived diagnostic effects and information validity.Perceived diagnostic effects and information validity were effective on information acceptance. Also, the effects of perceived risk had a moderating role between the quality of data mining and the perceived diagnostic effects and between the quality of data mining and the validity of information. On the other hand, the perceived diagnostic effects and information validity had a mediating role between data mining quality and information acceptance. Based on the results of the research findings, it is suggested that the managers of pages and blogs active in different social media platforms should continuously provide updated and efficient information and according to the needs of users, by producing suitable textual content and image files. or a downloadable video, increase the information provided to the users. At the same time, by posing questions or challenges, they make the presented content more practical

Abstract The first step in forest protection is to assess the livelihood dependence of the people of the region on the forest and identify the factors affecting this dependence. In this regard, the present research was conducted with the aim of investigating and analyzing the dependency of rural communities on the Zagros forests in the rural areas of Abdanan County in the year 2024. Accordingly, quantitative paradigm and descriptive-correlation method were used. The statistical population in the present study was all the active population living in the rural areas of Abdanan County, using the sampling table of Bartlett et al., 209 of them were selected for the study by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The tool of data collection in this research was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by using face and content validity method and its reliability was confirmed by Kudur-Richardson method. In order to analyze the collected data, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used in SPSSwin26 software. The findings of the study showed that the majority (72.2%) of the studied villagers depended on Zagros forests at an average level. Also, the results of the regression analysis showed that the variables of the diversity of income sources (β=-0.34), the amount of assets (β=-0.27), the amount of income (β=-.024) and access to the sales market (β=0.16) are predictors for the dependency of rural communities on the Zagros forests; in such a way that the coefficient of determination for these four variables is generally equal to 0.178. Considering these findings, it is suggested that the government should plan and implement support and employment creation projects in villages on the edge of forests to improve the livelihood and income of the people in these areas and consequently increase their income and assets in order to reduce their dependence on forest resources. In fact, the results of this research, in addition to filling the gap in studies on the livelihood dependence of rural communities on forests, can be used by government and private policymakers as a guide for better management and planning of the livelihood dependence of rural communities on forests.