the present study examined the status of food diversity in rural areas of Iran in 2023. To achieve this goal, the study first examined the pattern of household food consumption in rural areas of the country, calculated the food diversity index of these areas, and drew a food diversity map of rural areas of Iran. Next, the relationship between food diversity and underlying economic, social, and climatic indicators in various provinces was analyzed. The results showed that the dietary pattern of families in rural areas of Iran mainly consists of various types of cereals, providing more than 60% of an adult's daily energy. The share of cereals in contributing to daily caloric intake is 50 percent globally and 30 percent in high-income countries. The optimal food basket recommended by the Ministry of Health of Iran suggests that cereals and their derivatives should account for approximately 50 percent of daily caloric needs. However, in 29 out of the country's 31 provinces, cereal consumption exceeds the recommended amount. According to the Berry Dietary Diversity Index (BDDI), the dietary diversity situation in rural areas of all provinces in the country is at an undesirable level (BDDI average =0.578). Provinces with more favorable infrastructure, economic, and social indicators tend to have more appropriate food diversity, with average BDDIs of 0.515, 0.479, and 0.596, respectively. A study of the food diversity situation in Iran's four climates also revealed that provinces located in temperate and humid climates have more appropriate food diversity, with an average BDDI of 0.591. In contrast, provinces located in hot and dry climates have less appropriate food diversity conditions, with an average BDDI of 0.556. According to the results, it is suggested that the BDDI index be used as a tool for prioritizing target areas.