نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار اقتصاد کشاورزی، موسسه پژوهشهای برنامه ریزی، اقتصاد کشاورزی و توسعه روستایی، تهران، ایران.
2 استادیار اقتصاد کشاورزی، موسسه پژوهش های برنامه ریزی، اقتصاد کشاورزی و توسعه روستایی، تهران، ایران.
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
Consuming a variety of foods from different food groups can provide the vitamins, minerals, and micronutrients necessary for optimal body function, helping to reduce the risk of disease and maintain overall health. Low food diversity and security in rural areas can lead to a decrease in farmer productivity. Given that a significant portion of the population in developing countries lives in rural areas, improving and promoting the nutritional status and food security of these households is a crucial goal for these countries. In Iran, rural areas are considered key components of the country's social and economic structure, with approximately 23 percent of the population residing in these regions. With this approach, the present study examined the status of food diversity in rural areas of Iran in 2023. To achieve this goal, the study first examined the pattern of household food consumption in rural areas of the country, calculated the food diversity index of these areas, and drew a food diversity map of rural areas of Iran. Next, the relationship between food diversity and underlying economic, social, and climatic indicators in various provinces was analyzed. The results showed that the dietary pattern of families in rural areas of Iran mainly consists of various types of cereals, providing more than 60% of an adult's daily energy. The share of cereals in contributing to daily caloric intake is 50 percent globally and 30 percent in high-income countries. The optimal food basket recommended by the Ministry of Health of Iran suggests that cereals and their derivatives should account for approximately 50 percent of daily caloric needs. However, in 29 out of the country's 31 provinces, cereal consumption exceeds the recommended amount. According to the Berry Dietary Diversity Index (BDDI), the dietary diversity situation in rural areas of all provinces in the country is at an undesirable level (BDDI average =0.578). Provinces with more favorable infrastructure, economic, and social indicators tend to have more appropriate food diversity, with average BDDIs of 0.515, 0.479, and 0.596, respectively. A study of the food diversity situation in Iran's four climates also revealed that provinces located in temperate and humid climates have more appropriate food diversity, with an average BDDI of 0.591. In contrast, provinces located in hot and dry climates have less appropriate food diversity conditions, with an average BDDI of 0.556. According to the results, it is suggested that the BDDI index be used as a tool for prioritizing target areas. Based on this, nutritional policies and agricultural interventions should be designed with a regional approach that is appropriate to the climates. Instead of uniform national plans, food diversity improvement programs should be developed and implemented based on socio-economic and bioclimatic differences.
کلیدواژهها English
