Geography and plan
Nasibe hosseini; vahid Reyahi
Abstract
There are various and continuous interactions between a city and village. Thus, rural and urban areas cannot be considered separately in studies and planning. Accordingly, the main goal of this research is to identify the internal and external Spatial events of rural settlements, and to identify the ...
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There are various and continuous interactions between a city and village. Thus, rural and urban areas cannot be considered separately in studies and planning. Accordingly, the main goal of this research is to identify the internal and external Spatial events of rural settlements, and to identify the role and influence of Spatial events on the formation and transformation of Spatial organization. In this research, the Spatial events that are the determining factor in the formation of the Spatial organization of the studied area are analyzed by a reticulated approach. The quiddity of the present study is exploratory, and the method is descriptive-analytic. The studied statistical population is consisted of 122 experts and managers of urban and rural settlements in Zeberkhan rural districts, 74 of them were randomly selected as sample size. The required data and information were collected, using filed study method, questionnaires, and by questioning. Secondary data was obtained by referring to principal organizations and institutions. Afterwards, the obtained data was analyzed in the framework of the network paradigm, using the network analysis method and NodeXL software. The results showed that lack of proper distribution of services and facilities and the lack of Spatial balance, caused increased displacement and movement among human settlements at a rural district level. Therefore, the three settlements of Qadamgah, Baghshan and Darrud have been made the main first to third places of traffic within the region. Also, the results of flow analysis indicate that the pattern of flows is in the form of one way links, and that the complementary, two-way and synergistic links are not formed.
vahid Riyahi; farah fathizadeh
Abstract
Annexed villages to metropolises face numerous environmental contaminations. One of the most common contaminations that is of great importance is pollution of soil, waste and .... Accordingly, the present paper analyzes the environmental contaminations of the annexed villages to Mashhad. The research ...
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Annexed villages to metropolises face numerous environmental contaminations. One of the most common contaminations that is of great importance is pollution of soil, waste and .... Accordingly, the present paper analyzes the environmental contaminations of the annexed villages to Mashhad. The research method is descriptive-analytic and ArcGIS and GeoDa software are used for analyzing information. Moran's I and General G-Statistic was used for investigating the spatial distribution of the leishmaniosis, and to measure the spatial autocorrelation of leishmaniosis resulting from environmental contamination, bivariate Moran's I was used. The statistical population consists of 10 annexed villages to Mashhad. We obtained the samples from the statistics of Health Network. Among the studied villages, Cis-Abad village had the highest rate of disease with 2190 cases. The results show that the spatial distribution of leishmaniosis in Mashhad is clustered and G-Statistic is 0.5. In relation to spatial autocorrelation of and environmental contaminations, the obtained spatial distribution was cluster type and, bivariate Moran's I was 0. 68, which indicates that places on which environmental pollution is high are more likely to develop leishmaniosis disease. The results show that since the merged villages in Mashhad are more widely located around the Kashaf Rood river and the direction of the slope of Mashhad is towards this river, the most environmental pollution exist in the merged villages which has resulted in leishmaniosis disease for the inhabitants of these areas.
Geography and plan
Vahid Riahi; Sedigheh Karaminasab; Maghsood Bayat
Abstract
Human habitats have always been subject to change considering the available construction space as well as internal and external processes evolved. The rural settlements, as part of the geographic system, which consist of components related to each other, are influenced by the position of the place - ...
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Human habitats have always been subject to change considering the available construction space as well as internal and external processes evolved. The rural settlements, as part of the geographic system, which consist of components related to each other, are influenced by the position of the place - space, interaction or communication (internal and external local, regional and national scale) and they are always subject to changes in the structure and functioning of rural areas in different regions. The method of this research is descriptive-analytic and a large field study, documentary and library method are used to collect information. In order to investigate the structural-functional changes in these villages, indicators were selected in different dimensions (environmental-ecological, socio-cultural, economic-livelihoods, physical, physical), which were estimated by random sampling of 317 samples. The questionnaire was used by residents of rural households whose validity was confirmed by some experts. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.77) was used to determine the reliability of the main scale of the questionnaire. After completing the questionnaire, information analysis and hypothesis testing were evaluated using t-test and spearman correlation and the difference between these indices in rural development. The results show that the environmental - ecological villages saw an increase in deep wells, reducing the discharge of springs and aqueducts, changes in land use and the social dimension with increased migration and immigration, the government policies, the economics and these have affected rural habitats.
Geography and plan
Vahid Riahi Riahi; Farhad Azizpour; azar nouri
Abstract
Environmental sustainability of rural settlements based on a systematic viewpoint may be defined as a realization of sustainable development in different social, economic and environmental aspects of rural areas. Achieving this goal requires that we pay more attention to effective elements and factors ...
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Environmental sustainability of rural settlements based on a systematic viewpoint may be defined as a realization of sustainable development in different social, economic and environmental aspects of rural areas. Achieving this goal requires that we pay more attention to effective elements and factors through a set of sustainability indices. This research was meant to analyze sustainable factors of rural settlement in three dimensions: environmental, social and economic context using multi-criteria decision analysis and explanation of the relationships between its active and effective factors in the rural area of the Khorramdarreh County in the province of Zanjan. The research method used is the descriptive analytic approach. Data from 287 households were sampled randomly from a total of 1143 households in the four villages including: Rahmat Abad, Alvand, Baghdareh and, Sukhariz (out of 15 villages) in the Khorramdarreh County. In the process of doing this research and after calculating the weights, the difference in the sustainability of environmental, social, economic and physical aspects in rural areas of this county have been determined. Data was collected using library and field research through questionnaires. Data analysis was performed by the One-Sample t Test and the Vikur and path analysis techniques, using statistical software SPSS. The findings show that environmental sustainability in the study area is half desirable. Among the different aspects of environmental sustainability, the most effective factors are physical, economic, social and environmental aspects, respectively. Little attention of policy-making –system to socio-cultural and environmental aspects, especially in practice, and rapid and unplanned utilization of production resources are the most important factors affecting this situation in two given dimensions. Although, in programmed documents the planning system agents emphasize on the socio-cultural sustainability - especially environmental aspects, they ignore the implementation of approved policies in action. However, the role of villagers without necessary training in rapid utilization of resources should not be neglected.
