Economics
reza yari; shohahat zare; S.Mahbobe Mirmiran
Abstract
Evaluating the ecological and economic potential is an effective step and a suitable tool to guide the current activities and uses in the land towards comprehensive management and sustainable rural development. Identifying and evaluating the potentials of each region is a guide for achieving development ...
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Evaluating the ecological and economic potential is an effective step and a suitable tool to guide the current activities and uses in the land towards comprehensive management and sustainable rural development. Identifying and evaluating the potentials of each region is a guide for achieving development in sync with nature in rural areas dependent on nature. In this study, the economic value of forage production in Rangelands of ChaharBagh village of Golestan province was investigated.Typing the vegetation cover of the region by going to the desired area and field survey and also with the help of the topographical map of the region and also by using the plan to recognize the ecological regions of the country and based on the specified floristic-physionomic classification method and sampling of each plant type. It was done randomly and systematically.6 plant types were identified in the study area. The results of the study showed that the total forage production in the pastures of Chaharbagh village is equal to 6203605 kilograms of dry forage and available fodder (sustainable forage) is equal to 1763925 kilograms. The economic value of the total forage produced in the pastures of Chaharbagh village is equal to 52,284,110,52 riyals, and the total economic value of the available forage of these pastures is estimated to be 11,904,012,960 riyals. The capacity of the total number of livestock units with efficiency and economic value was 4749 heads, and the total annual profit was estimated at 12,760,821,000 rials; therefore, the added value of animal husbandry in the studied pasture is equal to 040,747,917 rials.
Economics
Mohamad Rastegar; davood kiakojouri; Mohamad Javad TaghiPourian; Mohamad Mehdi Pourpasha
Abstract
Although one of the main principles of cooperatives is cooperation principle, cooperation section will face serious issues in free economic due to the lack of competitive structures. The main purpose of this study was to explain the factors affecting the competitiveness of cooperatives using a hybrid ...
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Although one of the main principles of cooperatives is cooperation principle, cooperation section will face serious issues in free economic due to the lack of competitive structures. The main purpose of this study was to explain the factors affecting the competitiveness of cooperatives using a hybrid approach. Using this approach, the findings of internal and external studies were systematically examined using the seven-step method of Sandowski and Barso. Out of 232 articles searched in this field, 43 articles were selected and based on that, competitive maps were identified and extracted. Based on three-step coding in MAXQDA software, these factors were analyzed and categorized into one main category and seven core codes. Kappa index was used to measure the reliability and quality control of the present study. The kappa coefficient calculated was equal to 0.906, which is at the level of excellent agreement. According to this study, the results showed that all seven principles of cooperation affect the competitiveness of this sector. Attention and the need to review the principles and emphasize the loyalty of cooperatives to them in order to preserve their identity, can be a powerful tool to create and maintain a sustainable competitive advantage of cooperatives.
Economics
mohammad Mowlaei; Zohre Rahimi Rad
Abstract
Poverty is an undesirable economic and social phenomenon and one of the important causes of poverty is unfair distribution of income amongst the people. The governments should adopt suitable policies for eradication of poverty in the society. In this study, the poverty line of Iran's rural households ...
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Poverty is an undesirable economic and social phenomenon and one of the important causes of poverty is unfair distribution of income amongst the people. The governments should adopt suitable policies for eradication of poverty in the society. In this study, the poverty line of Iran's rural households is estimated by the theory of relative habit of formation of linear expenditure system (RHLES) and by using data of household's expenditure for 8 commodity groups over the periods of 1989-2013. Then, the position of poverty in rural regions is calculated by the indicators of headcount ratio, poverty gap and Foster, Greer and Thorbecke (FGT). The results of the study show that although the poverty line (minimum subsistence quantity) in Iran's rural households has had an average growth of about 21.3 percent, the value of poverty indices are reduced during the five economic development plans. Thus, we may conclude that the government policies for the reduction of relative poverty in rural regions have been successful.
