Geography and plan
Mousa Aazami; Parisa Safahan
Abstract
The informative society is seen as the central element of rural development at the beginning of the third millennium and the development of information technology and communication in villages has always been considered in current summits across the world. Nowadays, information and communication technology ...
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The informative society is seen as the central element of rural development at the beginning of the third millennium and the development of information technology and communication in villages has always been considered in current summits across the world. Nowadays, information and communication technology service offices are the basis of electronic government. Therefore, recognition of these offices is necessary for sustainable rural development. The purpose of this research was a comparative analysis between the current situation and the desirable situation of e-government services in the rural districts of the Hamedan province as perceived by their directors (Hamedan, Bahar and Famenin Counties). The study population consists of 91 respondents who were chosen and studied through the census method. The findings of this research study consist of two sections. The items related to satisfaction with the activities in information and communication technology service offices were prioritized in the first section. Moreover, the current and the desirable conditions for electronic service provision were identified. The gap between these two were analyzed in the second section. The results indicate that there is a significant difference between these two conditions of electronic service provisions in rural areas. This significant difference was recognized through the paired T test at the 0.05 level with 6.33 value that illustrates the existence of a gap between these two situations. Electronic government, information technology and communication, information and communication technology service offices
Geography and plan
Saeid Reza Akbarian Ronizi; Seyyed Abbas Rajaie; Mehdi Ramezanzadeh Lasboyee
Abstract
Rural development is one of the most important processes that is considered in different countries. Rural development needs to recognize the different important components. Social welfare is one of the important components using which enables us to reduce the problems of villages. By this issue we can ...
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Rural development is one of the most important processes that is considered in different countries. Rural development needs to recognize the different important components. Social welfare is one of the important components using which enables us to reduce the problems of villages. By this issue we can reduce many problems in rural areas. This study tries to assess and determine the level of social welfare in rural areas of the Kheir area in the Estahban province. The research method that is used is based on descriptive - analysis and field methods (questionnaires and documents). The sample size is 313 persons that reside in twelve villages. The sample size was selected by the Cochran’s model. In order to analyze data, we also used both statistical methods (descriptive and inferential statistics) and TOPSIS and Morris methods. The results show that social welfare varies between villages in case study. This value is between 0.11 – 0.95. Social welfare in the rural areas is higher than the average (0.596). The results also show that there is a significant relationship between social welfare and two criteria: population and services. Also there is a statistically significant indirect relationship between distance from the center of township and social welfare.
malihe sheybani; Fatemeh Rastegaripour
Abstract
Evaluating non-market services and services for the environment for many reasons of understanding and understanding of the environmental and cultural goals of humans, providing the country's environmental issues to decision makers and planners, providing a link between economic policies and natural income, ...
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Evaluating non-market services and services for the environment for many reasons of understanding and understanding of the environmental and cultural goals of humans, providing the country's environmental issues to decision makers and planners, providing a link between economic policies and natural income, preventing Destruction and unnecessary exploitation of natural resources is important. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of recreational services in the village of Rudmajan from Torbate Heydarieh province, Khorasan Razavi province. There are two different types of methodology to determine the value of recreational services: The first method is based on the demand for travel function and the calculation of the willingness to pay for each passenger, and the second method is based on the estimation of recreational and final cost functions and the calculation of the entertainment shadow price. In this study, both methods were used. Data was collected by completing 100 questionnaires from RudMajan village visitors in 1396. The results of the regression model in estimating the demand function show that the income factor of the visitor, the travel cost, the cost of alternative travel and the number of visits to the alternative place have a meaningful relationship with the number of visitors from the village of Mijn. The factors affecting the size of the household, age, education, and gender have a meaning. There is no indication of the number of people visiting the village of Roodmagn. The consumption surplus was 204347.82 and the annual recreational value of this region was 71521737000 Rials. Also, the results of the recreational production function show that time, travel, travel expenses are effective in recreation production, and the cost of recreational shading is equal to 203007.693 Rials and the recreational value of this area is equal to 710526925.5 Rials.
Geography and plan
Farahnaz Akbaroghli; mohsen qasemi
Abstract
The dominant form and the first step in smartening rural areas is the establishment of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) offices. Rural areas have been deprived of many facilities due to distance and dispersion, and the use of smart technologies can effectively play a role in providing services ...
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The dominant form and the first step in smartening rural areas is the establishment of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) offices. Rural areas have been deprived of many facilities due to distance and dispersion, and the use of smart technologies can effectively play a role in providing services (educational, administrative, banking, etc.). Since the performance of offices is effective in accelerating the process of rural intelligence, so the purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the performance of rural ICT offices in the field of intelligence to expand ICT in rural areas. The present research is one of the applied researches and the descriptive-analytical research method is a comparative research that has been achieved through documentary and field studies. The statistical population of the study includes 24 villages with ICT offices in Tabas city. Data were collected through field interview methods and completing a questionnaire and then the data were analyzed by SPSS software. The indicators studied are the personal characteristics of the staff, the characteristics of the village and the equipment available in the ICT offices. The results show that the performance of the 24 rural ICT offices studied are not significantly different in terms of customer acquisition and familiarity with the smartening process. Other results indicate that at 95% confidence level and significance level more than 0.05, none of the factors of office staff characteristics, village characteristics, facilities and equipment had a significant effect on office performance in attracting customers and promoting rural intelligence. Researchers are advised to use qualitative research methods such as participatory methods and in-depth interviews with staff and customers to better explore the factors affecting the performance of offices.
Agri Eco.
fatemeh Rastegaripoor; Amir Salari; fatemeh azizzadeh
Abstract
Water crisis worldwide and nationwide is serious and critical; therefore, water management in urban, agricultural and industrial areas is regarded as an update issue; however, due to maximum use of water in agriculture, management of irrigation water used for agricultural products has become more important ...
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Water crisis worldwide and nationwide is serious and critical; therefore, water management in urban, agricultural and industrial areas is regarded as an update issue; however, due to maximum use of water in agriculture, management of irrigation water used for agricultural products has become more important requiring programming and altering irrigation water consumption pattern to enhance the efficiency of irrigation water. Accordingly, in this study the indicator of virtual water of sugar beet is measured in Torbat Heydariyeh. The data and statistics were gathered from agricultural Jihad organization, meteorological organization, and ministry of energy during 2011 to 2019. The model used is ecological water footprint index and other related indicators.The results showed that the amount of virtual sugar beet in normal state was 1.2 m3 / kg and with 35% efficiency was 3.4 m3 / kg. The total amount of virtual water from sugar beet exports from Khorasan Razavi province has been increasing over the years. The green water footprint in sugar beet production is 265 million cubic meters per year, which is about 0.14 of the total water footprint calculated. Also, white water footprint in sugar beet production is 950 million cubic meters per year, which is about 52% of the total estimated water footprint, which is due to the low efficiency of irrigation systems in the region. The higher share of blue footprint than green footprint indicates that there is less rain benefit and greater evapotranspiration. Therefore, using irrigation systems with higher efficiency and reducing sugar beet spring sowing area is recommended in Torbat Heydarieh city.
Agri Eco.
Fatemeh Rastegaripour; Bahareh Rezazadeh
Abstract
Preserving human lives along with providing ease of movement is one of the most important goals of traffic engineering processes. Pedestrians are one of the most important pillars of traffic, so vehicles and pedestrians are the main targets for traffic policing. Pedestrian walkways are places that are ...
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Preserving human lives along with providing ease of movement is one of the most important goals of traffic engineering processes. Pedestrians are one of the most important pillars of traffic, so vehicles and pedestrians are the main targets for traffic policing. Pedestrian walkways are places that are built for pedestrians in a variety of different applications. The main purpose of this research is to analyze the factors affecting the citizens' desire to no use pedestrian bridges. This research is applied in terms of its nature and purpose and its research method is analytical-descriptive. Data were collected through field survey and face-to-face interviews with 380 people in 2019 using stratified random sampling method. Questionnaires were used to measure it. In this study Eviews statistical software and Logit model were used for data analysis.The results showed that one of the most important factors affecting students' unwillingness to use the Pedestrian is the height of stairs, fear of elevation, fines or encouragement, escalators, and the creation of mid-way streets. In the public users section of the park factor affecting to use the Pedestrian were the number of stairs, the level of awareness of the people and the construction of the overpass. These factors in the students sector include the slope and height of the stairs, fines or encouragement, escalator placement and waste of time, which in most cases are the same as the student section. Also, the most important factor in the student sector is the creation of the middle of the street, in the public user of park is number of stairs, and in the student sector was waste of time.Escalator construction gives incentives for more people to use the streets to cross the street. Also, standardizing the height and slope of stairs and creating a barrier in the middle of the street makes the public more inclined to use the slopes
Agricultural Extension and Education
bahram imani; Soheyla Bakhtar; Saied Jafari
Abstract
Organic farming is a holistic production management system which enhances agro ecosystem health by maintaining and enhancing biodiversity, biological cycles and soil biological activity. However, there are many obstacles in the way of implementing this system. . Hence, identifying the barriers and promoters ...
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Organic farming is a holistic production management system which enhances agro ecosystem health by maintaining and enhancing biodiversity, biological cycles and soil biological activity. However, there are many obstacles in the way of implementing this system. . Hence, identifying the barriers and promoters of rural perspective is essential. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the aspects of rural communities in relation with the barriers and promoters of organic farming. This research study is an applied research that is based on a descriptive analytical approach. The statistical population used in this study consists of 64 villages with over 20 households in the central part of the city of Ardabil with a total population of 50039. According to the Cochran formula, the sample size was estimated to be 356. In order to gather the required information library and field methods were used. The indicators that were designed for preparing the questionnaire were economic, technical-information, management and social factors in two dimensions of restrictive and leading factors in the form of 42 variables. The SPSS19 and Lisrel software packages were used in order to analyze the data. Based on the results, among the organic farming restrictions, social factors had the maximum amount of restricting effect and economic factors had the minimum amount of restricting effect. Among the promoting factors, technical and informational factors had the greatest impact on the advancement of organic agriculture and the economic factors had the least impact.
Agricultural Extension and Education
Hossein Noroozi; Hamed Eskandari damaneh; Rasool Lavaei Adaryani; Mohseen Adeli- Sardooei
Abstract
As one of the most important factors on the earth, water is important for drinking as well as other human and natural-related uses. Thus, in most countries, water scarcity has become a serious crisis. Therefore, management of and conservation of water resources have been of great importance. Iran is ...
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As one of the most important factors on the earth, water is important for drinking as well as other human and natural-related uses. Thus, in most countries, water scarcity has become a serious crisis. Therefore, management of and conservation of water resources have been of great importance. Iran is considered as an arid and semi-arid country in the world, which necessitates paying more attention to these valuable resources. Wetlands are one of the most important water sources in the country. Jazmoryan wetland is one of the important wetlands in the country, which has faced considerable damages because of several reasons such as insufficient rainfall, occurrence of drought in the region, upstream dam construction, and lack of providing water use right. Considering the importance and key role of this wetland in agriculture and preserving the ecosystem in the region, in this research the restoration and conservation value of Jazmourian wetland and the willingness to accept and willingness to reduce planting of the farmers in the western basin of this wetland was estimated in two separate patterns for the restoration and protection of the wetland using contingent valuation method. According to the results of both patterns, the variables of education and residential location have a positive impact on the probability of accepting the area under cultivation and the proposed monetary value in order to participate in reduced planting plan, while the variables of household size, household expenses, land ownership, marital status, and the value of area under cultivation have a negative impact on the probability of accepting the area under cultivation and the proposed monetary value. Also, the planting area which farmers voluntarily accept to reduce planting and participate in the reduced planting plan, is equivalent to 0.435 ha per farmer and 264 ha in the whole region. Also, willingness to accept in order to reduce area under planting per ha and participation in the reduced planting plan for each farmer and whole study area in the region was estimated to be 355.69 million Rails and 2030 billion Rails, respectively.
Agricultural Extension and Education
Maryam Tajeri Moghaddam Tajeri Moghaddam; Soodabeh Pooralimardan Pooralimardan; Hossein Raheli Raheli
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to assess the extent of tendency of the farmers towards participation in the design of land consolidation in Orzuie in 2015. The statistical population in this study is farmers in the central sector of Orzuie (N=1200). 105 of whom were selected as research samples using random ...
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The purpose of this study is to assess the extent of tendency of the farmers towards participation in the design of land consolidation in Orzuie in 2015. The statistical population in this study is farmers in the central sector of Orzuie (N=1200). 105 of whom were selected as research samples using random simple sampling method. The main instrument in this study was a Researcher-Made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by a group of experts and the Cranach's Alpha coefficient was used for the reliability (0.80-0.84). The data was analyzed by using the SPSS software. The results illustrated that 54% of farmers were highly inclined to participate in the design of land consolidation. The degree of their inclination was classified to be 27.6% in the average levels, and 17.2% in the low levels. Also, the result of stepwise multiple regressions analysis indicated that 60 percent variations of the inclination of the farmers towards participation in the design of land consolidation was determined by the extent awareness of the design of land consolidation, education and number of pieces of farmland.
Rural Development
Enaiat Moshfeghnejadi; Afshin Hekmati assl
Abstract
Although it is important to improve all rural areas in the process of rural development, it is more important to pay attention to disadvantaged and less privileged areas in order to meet their basic needs and mitigate their differences. The first step in the process of planning and development of rural ...
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Although it is important to improve all rural areas in the process of rural development, it is more important to pay attention to disadvantaged and less privileged areas in order to meet their basic needs and mitigate their differences. The first step in the process of planning and development of rural areas is to identify the facilities and determine the extent to which the settlements have different development opportunities. The aim of this study is to analyze and rank the levels of development and recognition of the most favored and deprived villages in Boyer Ahmad County. This is an applied study based on its purpose and descriptive-analytical based on the nature and method. The statistical population of the study is the districts of Boyerahmad County. In order to evaluate and rank the development levels of the villages, 38 indices were adjusted based on data from villages in 2016. These variables were weighted using Shannon entropy method and Topsis technique was used for data analysis. The results show that rural areas are at different levels in terms of development indicators. One district is in the relatively developed class, 3 districts are in the developing class, and the other 5 are in the relatively deprived class. In order to improve the status of rural development, it was suggested that in order to achieve balance in rural areas of the city, the attention goes to a decentralization policy in rural servicing.
Env
Fariba Farhadi; Mohammad Sadegh Ebrahimi
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate rural women's awareness and use of from rural ICT services offices. The statistical population consisted of 5018 over 15- year- old literate rural women in 16 villages with ICT offices in Shahreza County. Using Cochran formula, 190 rural women were selected as sample and ...
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This study aimed to investigate rural women's awareness and use of from rural ICT services offices. The statistical population consisted of 5018 over 15- year- old literate rural women in 16 villages with ICT offices in Shahreza County. Using Cochran formula, 190 rural women were selected as sample and stratified proportional sampling randomly questionnaire distributed by stratified sampling with proportional allocation in the villages. The results shows the highest level of awareness of the services are awareness of basic services, social services, educational services, information services and financial services respectively and the highest referring to the offices are to receive basic services, information services, social services, educational services and economic services respectively. The results of the Friedman test showed a significant difference between rural women's awareness of five groups of services at 1 percent confidence in a way that their highest awareness is of basic services and their least awareness is of financial services. Furthermore, there is significant difference between rural women's referring to ICT offices to receive five groups of services at 1 percent confidence in a way that their most referring to ICT offices is to receive basic services. Key words: Rural ICT offices, services offices, ICT, Rural women, Shahreza County
Agri Eco.
Shahram Moghaddas Farimani; Mahdieh Sadat Mirtorabi; Seyyed Soheil Ghaemmaghami
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to identify the determinates factors of economic empowerment and effective factors on it of rural women in Zanjan province. The statistical population of the study consisted of all members of rural women's microfinance funds in the province of Znjan (N=636) that 154 of ...
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The purpose of this research was to identify the determinates factors of economic empowerment and effective factors on it of rural women in Zanjan province. The statistical population of the study consisted of all members of rural women's microfinance funds in the province of Znjan (N=636) that 154 of them were selected according to Cochran formula. This research was a survey and a researcher-made questionnaire was used to data collection. Reliability of the questionnaire by calculating Cranach's alpha (α= 0.96 & 0.86) and Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts. The results of ranking the determinants of economic empowerment of rural women by exploratory factor analysis showed, participation in income generation activities, individual and intellectual ability in economic and financial affairs, participation in household economic decisions, assistance and support on economic issues and cost control over funds were able to explain 68.44% of the total variance. Also, according to the results of exploratory factor analysis the most important explanations for the economic empowerment of rural women in Zanjan province submitted in 5 factors included: Interact with the social environment, mental and financial empowerment, education and social communication, home and economic partnership and freedom and authority to act. These factors were able to explain 40.59% of the total variance.
Rural Development
Ebrahim ghaed; Mohammadtaher Ahmadi Shadmehri; Habib Shirafkan lamso; Haniye Hossainzadeh
Abstract
The rural areas of Iran are known as the most important hubs for the production of agricultural products. Considering that income distribution has an effect on the level of poverty and economic well-being of rural people, knowing the factors affecting how income is distributed in the rural areas of the ...
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The rural areas of Iran are known as the most important hubs for the production of agricultural products. Considering that income distribution has an effect on the level of poverty and economic well-being of rural people, knowing the factors affecting how income is distributed in the rural areas of the country will be necessary to develop poverty alleviation policies. Identifying these factors will pave the way for appropriate measures in the first place to improve the pattern of rural income distribution and in the second place to reduce rural poverty in Iran. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of trade liberalization and the quality of human resources on the Gini coefficient in rural areas of Iran for the period of 1971-2020. For this analysis, Vector Autoregressive Model, Johansson-Juselius method Engel-Granger method and Vector Error Correction Model are used. The findings of the research based on The coefficient of the error correction method indicates that about 0.61 of the short-term imbalance is adjusted in each period to achieve the long-term equilibrium, and it can be said that in the long-term, a one percent increase in the variables. The quality of human resources (literacy rate of farmers) and the relative income of agriculture causes a decrease of 2.78 and 2.03 percent in the inequality of income distribution, respectively, and a one percent increase in the economic growth variables of the agricultural sector, the government's construction expenditures for agriculture, the index The degree of commercial openness and the ratio of agricultural investment cause an increase of 68%, 0.51%, 2.85% and 1.18% respectively in the inequality of income distribution, and among the types of variables mentioned, the effect of the index of the degree of commercial openness on the inequality of distribution income is more compared to other variables.
Rural Development
Fahimeh Bazzi; shseyedmahdi Hoseyni; Mohammad Ali Turki Anything
Abstract
Dust storms known as 120-day winds in Sistan have caused the largest dust center in Nimroz city and the villagers with many problems in the field of economic, social, environmental, health and livelihoods have encountered. Therefore, the goal of this study is to investigate the economic effects of dust ...
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Dust storms known as 120-day winds in Sistan have caused the largest dust center in Nimroz city and the villagers with many problems in the field of economic, social, environmental, health and livelihoods have encountered. Therefore, the goal of this study is to investigate the economic effects of dust on the livelihood of villagers in Nimroz. The statistical population of the study was 895 households that based on krejcie and Morgan table, the number of statistical samples of 318 people was selected by cluster sampling and then using structural equation SMART PLS software and the data is analyzed. The results of the questionnaire data showed that economic analysis by a factor of 0/5 is most effective on rural livelihoods. Statements of this variable include the effect of dust on production costs in the agricultural sector with a coefficient of 0.79 has the greatest impact on the economic sector, followed by a decrease in rural incomes by a coefficient of 0.87, a decrease in land prices by a coefficient of 0/ 78, the amount of crop and garden production with a coefficient of 0.77 and finally agricultural investment with a coefficient of 0.55. Considering the greatest impact of dust on production costs in the agricultural sector, it is suggested that the government should put natural and unnatural preventive measures on the agenda to reduce dust, and also provide financial and non-financial support to farmers to help reduce the production costs of this sector.
Geography and plan
Seyed Saeedreza Ahmadizadeh; javad Dawoudian
Abstract
This study aims to study and prioritize the most important services of carbon Sequestration International Project on Empowering Local Communities in the scope of study. Three functions or services of project were studied and evaluated. Services or functions of granting the productions loans for employment ...
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This study aims to study and prioritize the most important services of carbon Sequestration International Project on Empowering Local Communities in the scope of study. Three functions or services of project were studied and evaluated. Services or functions of granting the productions loans for employment and etc., the functions of Desertification and restoring the rangelands, and finally the function of facilities available to local people including solar and desalination bathroom were chosen as the studied options. The results showed that the most distance from solving Fuzzy Topsis is related to facilities with 1.63 and the option or function of Livestock production with 1.18 has the minimum solution of Fuzzy Topsis. On the other hand, the results showed that the solution of anti-Fuzzy Topsis for Livestock production with 1.52 has the most distance and criteria of facilities has the least distance with 0.95. Since the amount of Similarity index is closer to 1 for the criteria of Livestock Production. This criteria is selected as the most important and the first function of Carbon Sequestration International Project and desertification and restoring grasslands is selected as the second function and facilities is selected as the third function of project.
Geography and plan
saeed maleki; mahmud abiyat; ali keumarsi
Abstract
One of the things that is important in waste management. Topic, Site Selection landfill and leachate from this landfill in the rural areas. So far in relation to aquifer pollution vulnerability assessment by using these models or similar models (like Avi and Drastic, Si, etc.) Many studies have been ...
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One of the things that is important in waste management. Topic, Site Selection landfill and leachate from this landfill in the rural areas. So far in relation to aquifer pollution vulnerability assessment by using these models or similar models (like Avi and Drastic, Si, etc.) Many studies have been done. But According To The importance of waste and its impact on the surrounding environment as well as pollution of groundwater by leachate waste, this model is described as a powerful instrument for the protection of these areas that are affected by contaminants.The aims of this research the application of the GODS model in selection of appropriate area of the rural landfill. In fact should be select landfill sites that have the least impact on the aquifer pollution. Methods of collecting this research uses attritional, case study and study method are descriptive-analytical methods .In this Study, Gods model was used to landfill site selection. Each of these models are made from combining the hydrogeological parameters affecting the transport of contaminants to the aquifer. These parameters appear in the GIS software for seven layer that the necessary checks on them. Results show By using Gods model in the current situation, about 1.6 % of the study area in total In a state of vulnerability has been very low and be negligible that Can be determined by taking these areas are great place to landfill.
mohammad asadolahi; Hossein Agahi; Zahra Athari
Abstract
The presence of recent droughts in Iran is considered to be one of the most important natural hazards that has many effects and consequences, especially in rural areas. The difficulty of livelihood in rural households is one of these consequences. This descriptive-survey study was conducted to analyze ...
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The presence of recent droughts in Iran is considered to be one of the most important natural hazards that has many effects and consequences, especially in rural areas. The difficulty of livelihood in rural households is one of these consequences. This descriptive-survey study was conducted to analyze the factors affecting the livelihoods of rural households during drought in Alashtar town. The analytical framework used in this study is the sustainable livelihood framework. In this study, descriptive, analytical and correlation methods have been used. The statistical population in this research is the total head of rural households in Alastair (N = 7000). According to Krejcie and Morgan table, the sample size of this study is 364 households who were selected by the multi-stage sampling method. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by the professors of the extension and education department of Razi University of Kermanshah and its reliability was confirmed by the Cronbach alpha coefficient. The results showed that the greatest impact on household income is related to social capital and the least is related to financial capital. According to the results, human capital and social capital have had a major impact on the explanation of drought resistance. Moreover with regard to the beta, physical capital plays the most role in predicting drought resistance.
Agri Eco.
mahmoud ahmadpour borazjani; Hadi nikoee dastjerdi
Abstract
In parallel with the increasing global population, food security or increasing agricultural products is one of the biggest challenges that human society is faced with during the recent decades, this necessity led to overuse of pesticides and fertilizers which cause serious and sometimes irreversible ...
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In parallel with the increasing global population, food security or increasing agricultural products is one of the biggest challenges that human society is faced with during the recent decades, this necessity led to overuse of pesticides and fertilizers which cause serious and sometimes irreversible dangers. In the resent years, several measures have been taken to return to organic agriculture. The current study attempted to represent a agronomic program in which decision makers in addition to their economic goals, pay more attention to environment by producing organic products. To achieve this goal, goal programming and its combination with Extended Lexicographic Goal Programming framework, based on multiple criteria decision making methods were used in Bardsir and Orzoyeh regions. The required data were collected using 567 questionnaires and doing interview with beneficiaries using random sampling method in 2013. In the current study, six different goals included profit maximization, employment of labor maximization, minimization of irrigation water, working machinery, fertilizer and pesticides at difference priorities were put in the model. The results indicated that by optimizing the cropping pattern; we can reduce consumption of harmful inputs without any reduction in yield or profit. Therefore, informing farmers about advantages of organic agriculture and government’s supports could be an effective step towards sustainable production.
Agri Eco.
Zahra Golzari; Farshid Eshraghi; Ali Keramatzadeh
Abstract
Today, one of the most important goals for all countries is to get productivity improvement and then achieve economic growth via improving productivity. The aim of this study is to measure total productivity factor and its determinants for soybean farms in the Gorgan County as one of the main soybean ...
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Today, one of the most important goals for all countries is to get productivity improvement and then achieve economic growth via improving productivity. The aim of this study is to measure total productivity factor and its determinants for soybean farms in the Gorgan County as one of the main soybean production regions in Iran. To this end, first, total factor productivity (TFP) index is calculated by using the Tornqvist index and then, the relationship between TFP and age, experience, education and membership in cooperatives is estimated by the regression approach. This study was done as a survey and data were gathered by using questionnaires from 60 soybean farmers. The results showed that the TFP index varies from 0.37 to 1.82. About 46% of the farms had productivity less than the mean average. Also, experience, education and membership in cooperation factors had a positive and significant effect on TFP. Thus, improving them can help increase soybean production.
Agri Eco.
mahdiyeh saei; pirouz shakeri; asghar salehi; safatollah rahmani
Abstract
Due to the different climates, some areas of Kerman province have a good ability to raise and maintain livestock, especially in rural and nomadic areas, which has a large share in providing meat and dairy products needed by people in the province and even exported to neighboring provinces. . In recent ...
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Due to the different climates, some areas of Kerman province have a good ability to raise and maintain livestock, especially in rural and nomadic areas, which has a large share in providing meat and dairy products needed by people in the province and even exported to neighboring provinces. . In recent years, drought, water crisis, loss of pastures, smuggling and rising livestock costs, etc. have caused great damage to this strategic sector. The purpose of this study was to investigate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the dairy industry in the rural areas of Kerman province through the analysis of internal and external factors. The instrument used was a questionnaire and descriptive statistics and SWOT analysis were used to analyze the information. The results showed that "the existence of climate diversity in the province" is the most important strength and "non-timely payment of milk prices by industries" are the most important weakness in the dairy industry. In addition, "increasing demand for milk and dairy products" was the most important external opportunity and "fluctuations and rising livestock costs" were the most important external threats to the industry. Also, according to the findings of the study, weaknesses and threats are more important in the dairy industry and are in a situation where the system can act with the help of defensive strategy to reduce weaknesses and threats.
Agricultural Extension and Education
Hadi Zareie; leila Niroomand; somayeh Tajeek esmaeily
Abstract
Production of agricultural products as an effective part in the development of the country in various dimensions is of great importance; However, considering the waste of production of these products in the country, which according to statistics is more than 30% of total production, it seems necessary ...
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Production of agricultural products as an effective part in the development of the country in various dimensions is of great importance; However, considering the waste of production of these products in the country, which according to statistics is more than 30% of total production, it seems necessary to change production methods by aligning farmers and villagers to use new production technologies by them through communication solutions. Participate in urgent action. The statistical population of this study was the promoters working in Khorasan Razavi agricultural jihad and extension assistants related to the agricultural jihad of the province. Based on non-probability sampling, the sample population was selected as described. The "qualitative" and "quantitative" methods used in this research are as follows: At first, in the "qualitative" method, through "in-depth interviews", 15 agricultural workers in the villages of Mashhad were interviewed and the answers provided by the software Maxqda was analyzed and based on these results, the measurement tool was designed with 40 items and 220 agricultural promoters across the province were asked to respond and then the results were analyzed using SPSS software. The purpose of this study is to obtain a model to explain the impact of participatory communication on the use of new production technologies among farmers. All 8 hypotheses in this study were tested and confirmed using variance test and one-way analysis of variance, and finally, using linear regression, the effect of variables was confirmed. It is suggested that agricultural promoters use the knowledge and tools of participatory communication to align farmers to use new production technologies.
Agricultural Extension and Education
Mortrza Yaqubi; Ali Sardar Shahraki; Alireza Karbasi
Abstract
Although Sistan and Baluchestan Province is renowned for its handicrafts and has the potential to contribute significantly to the local economy, the industry has not yet met expectations. The downturn in demand in the handicraft market has not only eroded the incentive to enter this industry, ...
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Although Sistan and Baluchestan Province is renowned for its handicrafts and has the potential to contribute significantly to the local economy, the industry has not yet met expectations. The downturn in demand in the handicraft market has not only eroded the incentive to enter this industry, but also made some people unemployed in this area and had other side effects, such as an increase in rural-to-city migration and the lack of production of some handicrafts. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to evaluate and rate barriers to market development in the handicraft cooperatives of this province. The present research is applied and quantitative and the required information has been extracted using questionnaires and interviews with activists and experts of this field in Sistan and Baluchestan province. A total of 40 questionnaires were collected in 2022 and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results show that the limited holding of national or international exhibitions of handicrafts, investors' unwillingness to invest in handicrafts due to restrictive mechanisms and inadequate public propaganda to recognize the effects of handicrafts (especially tourists) are the most important barriers to the development of handicraft market are. The lack of design and use of integrated and scientific marketing systems for selling products by manufacturing companies, and the inability to sell handmade products directly by manufacturers, are also serious barriers to the lack of development of the province's handicraft market. However, the mismatch of provincial handicraft production with consumer tastes, diversity and product attractiveness is not a serious obstacle to the development of crafts markets.
Agricultural Extension and Education
ali pazhuhan; Ahmad-reza Ommani; Navid Habibi ghahfarokhi
Abstract
The main purpose of the present study is to investigate the stability of seed producing companies in the Khuzestan Province, I.R. Iran. This research is a causal-correlational survey. The statistical population consisted of all members of the board of directors of seed producing companies in the Khuzestan ...
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The main purpose of the present study is to investigate the stability of seed producing companies in the Khuzestan Province, I.R. Iran. This research is a causal-correlational survey. The statistical population consisted of all members of the board of directors of seed producing companies in the Khuzestan Province (N=72). Seventy two questionnaires were distributed using the full enumeration method. Finally, fifty questionnaires were collected and analyzed since a few of the members were not willing to respond to the questionnaires. A questionnaire was used for data collection which was satisfactory in terms of reliability and validity. After completing the questionnaire and data collection, the SPSS software package was used for data analysis. Based on the results of the present study, a significant relationship was found between information resources, social participation, social status and education level with the dependent variable set at the level of 0.001. Also, a significant relationship was observed between the land area, number of warehouses and silos, corporate income, educational courses and age with the dependent variable set at the level of 0.005. The results of stepwise regression showed that the social status, age and corporate income account for 57 percent of the variations of the dependent variable. Moreover, the results of factor analysis related to the stabilizing factors of the seed producing companies of the Khuzestan province showed that supporting and regulatory factors, education and empowering, standardization and satisfaction, application of new technologies and business skills allocate themselves a total of 70.25 percent of the variance of stability of the seed producing companies.
Agri Eco.
Amir Salari; Ali Maroosi
Abstract
Although information technology has attracted a lot of attention, quantitative research has been carried out by farmers to measure the adoption of ICTs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting adoption of ICT by saffron workers in the city of Torbat Heydareih. In 2017, 20 vilages ...
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Although information technology has attracted a lot of attention, quantitative research has been carried out by farmers to measure the adoption of ICTs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting adoption of ICT by saffron workers in the city of Torbat Heydareih. In 2017, 20 vilages randomly selected from 134 villages in Torbat Heydareih region and 20 questionnaires per each village were distributed in each village, which returned 384 questionnaires. SPSS-PLS software was used to investigate the hypotheses and variables of the research. The results of the study showed that between the ease of use and the perceived usefulness, ease of use and attitude of use of information and communication technology, perceived usefulness and intention of use, ease of perception and attitude, attitude and intent of use, facilitating conditions and perceived usefulness, meaningful relationship There is. Moreover, the results of the research showed that there is not a significant relationship between facilitating the conditions and the intention to use ICT.
Razieh Jamaati Ardakani
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the role of job variables (work life quality, job security and job satisfaction) in the life satisfaction of villagers in the Yazd province and it is done using correlation analysis. A sample of 390 rural farmers in the Yazd province was selected by the two-stage ...
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The present study aims to investigate the role of job variables (work life quality, job security and job satisfaction) in the life satisfaction of villagers in the Yazd province and it is done using correlation analysis. A sample of 390 rural farmers in the Yazd province was selected by the two-stage cluster sampling method and tested by questionnaires on the quality of work life, job security, job satisfaction and life satisfaction. The data was analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression. The results showed that the quality of work life, job security and job satisfaction have a significant positive correlation with life satisfaction (p <.01). Life satisfaction is also predicted by these variables (quality of work life, job security and job satisfaction) (p <.001). Overall, it is concluded that all three variables of quality of work life, job security, and job satisfaction play important roles in terms of satisfaction with life for rural farmers.
