Factors Affecting Multiplicity of Non-Farm Activities among Kavar Township Rural Housholds in Fars Province

Masoomi, Ehsan; Hayati, Dariush

doi:10.22048/rdsj.2018.81841.1648

Factors Affecting Multiplicity of Non-Farm Activities among Kavar Township Rural Housholds in Fars Province

Document Type : Original Research

Authors

Ehsan Masoomi ¹

Dariush Hayati ²

¹ Ph.D. student, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University

² Professor, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University

https://doi.org/10.22048/rdsj.2018.81841.1648

Abstract

Non-farm economy is one of the newly presented concepts in rural development literature. Numerous studies have reviewed evidence and theories towards improving the concept of rural non-farm economy. However, there is not enough empirical studies in this field, especially in the developing countries. The aim of this study is to investigate factors affecting multiplicity of rural non-farm activities in the Kavar Township in the Fars province. Archival research was carried out for conducting this study as research method. Totally, 225 active rural households in various non-farm activities were selected using simple random sampling. The results showed that gender, annual household farm income, and the number of migrated members of household have a positive and significant effect on the dependent variable. The effect of benefiting from government loans on the number of non-farm activities was negative and significant. The prominent role of women in non-farm activities represents the importance of social and cultural dimensions of such activities. The results revealed that multiplicity of non-farm activities is not dependent on education. Therefore, it is not necessary to focus on education in development of rural non-farm activities. Some applicable recommendations have been presented at the end of the manuscript based on the research results.

Keywords

Non-farm economy

Rural Development

Kavar Township

20.1001.1.23832657.1397.5.1.1.4

Subjects

Agricultural Extension and Education

اکبریان رونیزی، س. و شیخ بیگلو، ر. 1395. ظرفیت تحمل توسعه گردشگری روستایی و تدوین برنامه راهبردی روستای قلات (شهرستان شیراز). فصلنامه راهبردهای توسعه روستایی، 3(4): 495-481.

حبیبپور گتابی، ک. و صفری شالی، ر. 1391. راهنمای جامع کاربرد SPSS در تحقیقات پیمایشی (تحلیل دادههای کمی). تهران: انتشارات متفکران.

صداقتکیش، ج. 1388. کوار زمرد فارس. شیراز: بنیاد فارس شناسی و تخت جمشید.

علویزاده، س. ا. و میرلطفی، م. 1392. نقش اقتصاد غیرزراعی بر ماندگارسازی روستائیان در مناطق روستایی شهرستان سمیرم. فصلنامه برنامه‌ریزی منطقه‌ای، 3(10): 71-82.

محمدزاده نصیرآبادی، م.، شعبانعلی فمی، ح.، مطیعی. و سنجابی، م. 1395. شناسایی و تحلیل موانع و مشکلات تولید شیر ارگانیک در استان اردبیل. فصلنامه راهبردهای توسعه روستایی، 4(1): 91-107.

ناصری، ع.، باسخا، م.، حسنزاده، م. و مسائلی، ا. 1388. بررسی تأثیر هزینه‌های مختلف دولت بر اشتغال غیرکشاورزی و فقر در مناطق روستایی ایران. فصلنامه پژوهش‌های اقتصادی، 9(4): 41-64.

هادیزاده بزاز، م. و بوزرجمهری، خ. 1395. بررسی نقش تعاونی‌های تولید روستایی در افزایش توانمندی فنی و اقتصادی کشاورزان مناطق روستایی شهرستان نیشابور. فصلنامه راهبردهای توسعه روستایی، 3(4): 443-459.

Alauddin, M. 2017. The Rise of Rural Non-farm Sector in Bangladesh: A Distinct Socio-Economic Transformation.Australian Academy of Accounting and Finance Review, 2(1): 1-22.

Alkire, S., Meinzen-Dick, R., Peterman, A., Quisumbing, A., Seymour, G. and Vaa, A. 2012. The Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index. IFPRI Discussion Paper. Washington, D.C.: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).

Barrett, C. B., Reardon, T. and Webb, P. 2001. Nonfarm income diversification and household livelihood strategies in rural Africa: concepts, dynamics, and policy implications. Food policy, 26(4): 315-331.

Binswanger-Mkhize, H. P. 2012. India 1960-2010: Structural Change, the Rural Non-farm Sector, and the Prospects for Agriculture. In Berkeley, California: Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of California, Berkeley. Available at http://are.berkeley. Edu/documents/seminar/Binswanger. May.

Casini, L., Contini, C. and Romano, C. 2012. Paths to developing multifunctional agriculture: insights for rural development policies. International journal of agricultural resources, governance and ecology, 9(3-4): 185-203.

Coxe, S., West, S. G. and Aiken, L. S. 2009. The analysis of count data: A gentle introduction to Poisson regression and its alternatives. Journal of personality assessment, 91(2): 121-136.

Datta, A., Rodgers, G., Rodgers, J. and Singh, B. 2014. Contrasts in development in Bihar: A tale of two villages. The Journal of Development Studies, 50(9): 1197-1208.

Davis, B., Winters, P., Carletto, G., Covarrubias, K., Quiñones, E. J., Zezza, A. ... and DiGiuseppe, S. 2010. A cross-country comparison of rural income generating activities. World Development, 38(1): 48-63.

Davis, J. 2004. The Rural Non-Farm Economy, Livelihoods and their Diversification: Issues and Options, Natural Resource Institute, Chatham, UK.

De Haas, H. 2014. What drives human migration. Migration: A COMPAS Anthology. Oxford, UK: International Migration Institute.

Eversole, R. and Johnson, M. 2014. Migrant remittances and household development: an anthropological analysis. Development Studies Research. An Open Access Journal, 1(1): 1-15.]

Fan, S., Hazell, P. and Thorat, S. 2000. Government spending, growth and poverty in rural India. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 82(4): 1038-1051.

Francis, E. and Hoddinott, J. 1993. Migration and differentiation in western Kenya: A tale of two sub‐locations. The Journal of Development Studies,30(1): 115-145.

Haggblade, S., Hazell, P. and Reardon, T. 2010. The rural non-farm economy: Prospects for growth and poverty reduction. World Development, 38(10): 1429-1441.

Hazell, P. B. and Rahman, A. 2014. New directions for smallholder agriculture. OUP Oxford.

Hussein, K. and Nelson, J. 2016. Sustainable livelihoods and livelihood diversification. IDS working paper 69. Brighton, UK.

Lafontaine, F. and White, K. J. 1986. Obtaining any Wald statistic you want. Economics Letters, 21(1): 35-40.

Lanjouw, J. O. and Lanjouw, P. 2001. The rural non‐farm sector: issues and evidence from developing countries. Agricultural economics, 26(1): 1-23.

Reardon, T. 1997. Using evidence of household income diversification to inform study of the rural nonfarm labor market in Africa. World development, 25(5): 735-747.

Rigg, J., Salamanca, A. and Parnwell, M. 2012. Joining the dots of agrarian change in Asia: A 25 year view from Thailand. World Development, 40(7): 1469-1481.

Wiggins, S. 2016. Agricultural and rural development reconsidered. A guide to issues and debates. IFAD Research Series, 1-58.