Agri Eco.
Fatemeh Rastegaripour; Fatemeh Masahi; Azizollah Arbabi
Abstract
Changing the pattern of household consumption in Iran is one of the most important issues influencing social and economic changes. Considering the issue of allocation of limited resources of the country and the management of demographic patterns of household consumption patterns, it is important to study ...
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Changing the pattern of household consumption in Iran is one of the most important issues influencing social and economic changes. Considering the issue of allocation of limited resources of the country and the management of demographic patterns of household consumption patterns, it is important to study the changes in the pattern of consumption and the factors affecting it. The main purpose of this paper is to study the effects of population dynamics and the impact of economic factors on the patterns of rural and urban consumption patterns. In order to achieve the objectives of this paper, panel data has been used with income data and household expenses during the period of 2007-2017.The results of the study showed that the changes in the household consumption pattern with the variables of education, population, unemployment, total income and household expenses are significant.And with a decline in education and unemployment, the rate of consumption increases and with the increase of other variables, ie population, total income and total cost of consumption increases.
Agri Eco.
mina salehnia; mohsen rafati
Abstract
One of the measures that can be taken in crisis management of Lake Urmia is to measure the impacts of the drying up of the lake on the rurals income in the basin. Assessing impacts in local dimensions is important because of identifying the ability of areas involved in environmental crises to deal with ...
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One of the measures that can be taken in crisis management of Lake Urmia is to measure the impacts of the drying up of the lake on the rurals income in the basin. Assessing impacts in local dimensions is important because of identifying the ability of areas involved in environmental crises to deal with them. Also, using the results of measuring this important factor can lead to the adoption of appropriate livelihood policies to reduce vulnerability. In this regard, the present study investigated factors affecting the income of rural households in Urmia lake basin using panel data in the three provinces of West Azerbaijan, East Azerbaijan and Kurdistan. Utilizing the data of the period of 2006-2019 and estimating the model using the fixed effects approach showed that percentage of working people of the active rural population, the area of irrigated land, the level of Lake Urmia, and annual rainfall respectively have the most positive effects on the real annual income. So that for one percent increase in the value of each of these variables, the real income will increase by 0.269, 0.186, 0.074 and 0.006 percent respectively. Taking support measures for the construction of greenhouses, investing in non-agricultural businesses in order to diversify the income and livelihood resources of the villagers, expanding mechanization and the use of new technologies in the agricultural sector Land equipping with new irrigation systems, and speeding up the completion of projects approved by the lake restoration headquarters are the suggestions of the present study.
Env
Mousa Aazami; Saeid Hedayatiniya
Abstract
Nowaday, the relationship between the two concepts of social capital and social welfare is evident, to the point where it can be admitted that by storing social capital more conditions can be created that achieve a high level of social welfare in most communities. The purpose of this study was to investigate ...
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Nowaday, the relationship between the two concepts of social capital and social welfare is evident, to the point where it can be admitted that by storing social capital more conditions can be created that achieve a high level of social welfare in most communities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of social capital factors on wellbeing in rural regions, Bala-darband Dehestan of Kermanshah County. In this study, a survey was conducted using a questionnaire. Face validity was confirmed by a panel of experts. Statistical population of the study was the head of rural households in Bala-darband Dehestan, that using multi-stage random cluster sampling, 160 subjects were selected. In order to investigate the fitness of latent variables and test of hypothesis, structural equation modeling with LISRELver8.50 software was used. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) confirmed the consistency with the theoretical assumptions. Results of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) showed that social capital factors such as social trust (t=3/18, γ=0/28), social solidarity (t=2/00, γ=0/17) and knowledge (t=4/18, γ=0/44) were the most important determinants to predict wellbeing of rural households and explain 51 percent of variability in the rural wellbeing. Finally, the study offered applied achievements to rural development custodians and managers for improving social capital factors.
Geography and plan
Saeed Reza Akbarian Ronizi; Rana Shaykh-Baygloo
Abstract
Nowadays, sustainability is considered by planners and researchers to be a dominant approach for development of rural tourism. In this respect, a variety of research studies have been done for studying this paradigm leading to introduction of various conceptual frameworks such as sustainability ...
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Nowadays, sustainability is considered by planners and researchers to be a dominant approach for development of rural tourism. In this respect, a variety of research studies have been done for studying this paradigm leading to introduction of various conceptual frameworks such as sustainability and strategic planning of tourism development. In this way, the present study attempts to provide a convenient basis for sustainable tourism development in the Qalat village located in the Shiraz sub-province through determining the sustainability based on the viewpoints of the host society about on tourism, and offering the appropriate strategic plan. This study is an applied research with the descriptive analytic method. The needed data has been gathered through library studies and field work. Descriptive statistical methods were carried out for data analysis. Statistical population of the research includes tourists and local native families. Analysis of local residents' perceptions shows undesirability of tourism development and approaching the threshold of saturation of sustainability of the tolerance of tourism. Yet, there exists a significant difference among the host society population's view based on their employment condition. Considering the results of this study, adopting a defensive strategy is necessary in the policy making and planning development of rural tourism in the village under study.
Geography and plan
Mehrshad Toulabi Nejad; Sirus GHanbari; Fatemeh Dosti Moghadam; Mehdi Barawoi
Abstract
The use of land management practices can reduce soil erosion, increase the productivity of agricultural land and can consequently increase agricultural production. However, various factors such as physical, technical, economic, and social can affect the decision of farmers to use sustainable land management ...
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The use of land management practices can reduce soil erosion, increase the productivity of agricultural land and can consequently increase agricultural production. However, various factors such as physical, technical, economic, and social can affect the decision of farmers to use sustainable land management practices. In this study, we study the important economic and social factors affecting the use of agricultural land management techniques by farmers in mountainous areas considering the financial and human resources capacity. The statistical population includes farmers' households (N= 514). Using Cochran formula, 200 households were selected by the random sampling method. The data gathering tool used is a questionnaire. To analyze the data from among 30 variables, the exploratory factor analysis (FA) was used in the first stage, in order to extract the factors arising from the matrix period. In the next step, the methods Land Management and Spearman correlations methods were used in order to identify the key economic and social factors that are most effective. The findings of the research show that among the eight factors identified by factor analysis, the four factors that significantly affect investment in sustainable land management are: 1) Access to support services; 2) Participatory management; 3) Income from sales of products; 4) Personal factors. Therefore, to enhance the investment there should be more support services to farmers (especially microcredit), as well as measures to further the cooperation in the field of sustainable land management (e.g., training of farmers).
Rural Development
Asma Eidi; fatemeh kazemiyeh
Abstract
One of the most important environmental aspects of rural areas is the physical development and planning of the rural body through various development and development plans (such as rural hadi plans, the Bayer Land Development Plan and Etc.) Directs human behavior to the environment. One of the rural ...
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One of the most important environmental aspects of rural areas is the physical development and planning of the rural body through various development and development plans (such as rural hadi plans, the Bayer Land Development Plan and Etc.) Directs human behavior to the environment. One of the rural development projects in recent years is the rural hadi project, which is being implemented in large scale in rural areas of the country. Rural hadi plan was implemented to improve socio-economic and especially physical status of rural settlements. Now, after more than twenty years of preparing and implementing rural lead projects and accumulating valuable experiences in this field, we need to know what the consequences and consequences of these actions are. In this regard, this descriptive-survey research was conducted with the aim of analyzing and evaluating the impacts of the implementation of the hadi plan in the village of Ghareaghajkuh in Urmia. The statistical population of the study consists of 204 household heads out of 420 households living in the village. These households were selected based on Krejcie-Morgan table using simple random sampling. Questionnaire was used for data collection and its validity was confirmed by a panel of experts and experts in the field of research. To determine the reliability of the pre-test, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.859. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and factor analysis technique. In this study, five factors were identified to summarize the effects of the Hadi plan on rural development, with a specific amount greater than one. The factor analysis and percentage of variance were used to determine the number of factors in this analysis. According to the results of the research, the most important impacts of conducting the plan in the study village were: physical and infrastructural impacts, social impacts, economic impacts, environmental and cultural impacts, respectively. These five factors account for about 64.23% of the total variance.
Geography and plan
morteza tavakoli; ali khodadadi
Abstract
Recently, special attention has been paid to the role of culture in the sustainable development of society. Individuals and societies have their own values, meanings, customs and knowledge systems. However, such features are often overlooked in development planning. The purpose of this ...
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Recently, special attention has been paid to the role of culture in the sustainable development of society. Individuals and societies have their own values, meanings, customs and knowledge systems. However, such features are often overlooked in development planning. The purpose of this study is to analyze the risk of cultural literacy in rural areas in the spiritual capital of rural landscape of Lorestan province. The research method of this article is in the framework of library and documentary studies, and Dimatel cause and effect tool was used to analyze the information. On the cultural literacy of the villages, the factors of professional and ethnocentric algebra beliefs with a weight coefficient of 1.296 and 0.848, respectively, as influential factors, and on the other hand, the factors of spatial perception and knowledge, insight and skill with a weight coefficient of 229, respectively. 1- and 077 / 1- have been considered as the most effective criteria among the effective indicators on cultural literacy risk among villages. Based on this, the factors of professional and ethnocentric beliefs are identified and identified as causes and factors of spatial perception and knowledge, insight and skill, spatial perception and values and norms under the name of factors in the field of spiritual capital. Became.
Geography and plan
Seyed Hadi Tayebnia; Ali Eizadi
Abstract
One of the most important plans and programs of the government for organizing and developing villages in the country is to prepare a pilot plan. The aim of this study was to investigate and analyze the consequences of implementing a rural pilot project in order to improve the quality of life of the local ...
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One of the most important plans and programs of the government for organizing and developing villages in the country is to prepare a pilot plan. The aim of this study was to investigate and analyze the consequences of implementing a rural pilot project in order to improve the quality of life of the local community in Rashtkhar. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. In this study, the sampling method was random and the sample size was determined by Cochran's formula (320 households in the study area). Data were collected through field studies (questionnaire, observation: selected and researcher-made indicators) and using library studies. To assess the reliability of the questionnaire, using Cronbach's alpha method with a rate of 0.830, the data for the research showed that it was satisfactory. SPSS software was used for data analysis. The Vickor model was also used to investigate the spatial distribution among the villages in which the pilot project was implemented. Findings indicate that the average effects of the master plan on the quality of life of rural areas studied in the one-sample test at the intermediate level (3). Also in the combined multiple regression model, the role of factors and dimensions affecting the quality of life of rural households from the consequences of the pilot project and its development in Rashtkhar district, showed that all six dimensions of physical, infrastructure, environmental, social, economic, cultural are significant. According to the Vicor technique, the villages of Fathabad and Saadatabad with the highest rank with 0.16 and 0.20, respectively, and the villages of Rouhabad and Andanjard with the rate of 0.96 and 0.80 with the lowest rank in terms of improving the quality of life from the performance. Hadi plans are more than other villages.
Rural Development
Jalal Yavari; Zahra Athari
Abstract
Attention to food security in Iran has always been one of the main goals of rural and agricultural development programs. In this regard, rural households, which are the main suppliers of the country's food, should have proper access to the desired food, while this issue has always faced many challenges. ...
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Attention to food security in Iran has always been one of the main goals of rural and agricultural development programs. In this regard, rural households, which are the main suppliers of the country's food, should have proper access to the desired food, while this issue has always faced many challenges. Therefore, the purpose of this study, which was conducted in the year 2021 with a qualitative method, was to analyze the challenges of food security in rural households. The study population was the heads of rural households in Haft Ashian District from Kermanshah Township (N=375). The main tool of data collection was in-depth interviews with key informants who were studied through purposeful sampling and snowball method (n=35). Analysis of data collected by content analysis method using MAX-QDA12 software led to the identification 44 concepts in the form of 4 main categories. Based on this, the basic challenges of food security in the study area in order of importance include: financial and credit challenges (frequency: 212), weak management and legislation (frequency: 190), socio-cultural challenges (frequency: 183) and the complexity of the nature of agriculture and environmental conditions (frequency: 181). Therefore, improving the income rural households will have important and significant effects on the improvement of food security, and the emphasis and attention of the authorities on financial and credit challenges can be very useful.
Agricultural Extension and Education
Parvaneh Safari Alamouti; Ali Shams
Abstract
The descriptive- survey research was conducted to evaluate the rural waste management problems in Qazvin Township. The statistical population was consisted of all rural households in Qazvin Township (N=31338) which were selected and studied base on Cochran sampling formula and using randomized multi-stage ...
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The descriptive- survey research was conducted to evaluate the rural waste management problems in Qazvin Township. The statistical population was consisted of all rural households in Qazvin Township (N=31338) which were selected and studied base on Cochran sampling formula and using randomized multi-stage sampling method 464. The research tool was a researcher made questionnaire. In this field, the content and face validity was verified by an expert panel. The reliability of research tool was acquired by conducting a pilot study and calculation cronbach alpha coefficient equals to 0.9. Data were analyzed by SPSS/Win 18 software and exploratory factor analysis technique was used. The results revealed that six factors named as final disposal problem of household waste management (17/11 percent), educational and cultural problems of household waste (14/11 percent), health problems of household waste (12/11 percent), knowledge and health problems of agricultural wastes (8/98 percent), knowledge problem of household waste (6/99 percent), and education problem of agricultural waste (5/47 percent) were explained as 64.68 percent of total waste problems in the region.
mina mousavi; Hasan Sadigh
Abstract
Given the importance of agriculture sector in the economy, attention to agricultural development is essential. In Iran, agricultural developments in the provinces have not been conducted homogeneous and large disparities exist among different provinces. This study was conducted to assess agricultural ...
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Given the importance of agriculture sector in the economy, attention to agricultural development is essential. In Iran, agricultural developments in the provinces have not been conducted homogeneous and large disparities exist among different provinces. This study was conducted to assess agricultural development in different provinces. 82 indicators were used to measure agricultural development level in the areas of agronomy, horticulture, animal husbandry, mechanization and infrastructure services. Required data was gained from Information and Communication Technology Center, Ministry of Agriculture (Jahad-e- keshavarzi) in 2011-12. Composite index and analysis technique of main components was used for obtaining the results. The results show that considerable gap between provinces in terms of agricultural development. Fars, Mazandaran and West Azerbaijan provinces have the best rank and Qom, Bushehr, Hormozgan provinces have the lowest rating in agricultural development. Geographical Information System software (GIS) was used for spatial analysis of the state of the provinces’ agricultural development and the position of each province in agricultural development is determined.
Hamdollah Sojasi Ghidari; Gholamreza Mahdavifar; Somaye Rajabi Janbehderaz
Abstract
Drought and poor distribution of rainfall in time and space, is inescapable reality that subject any sustainable food to correct and rational use of limited water resources of country. One way to avoid excessive withdrawal of water resources is to aware farmers and stakeholders in the region, to reduce ...
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Drought and poor distribution of rainfall in time and space, is inescapable reality that subject any sustainable food to correct and rational use of limited water resources of country. One way to avoid excessive withdrawal of water resources is to aware farmers and stakeholders in the region, to reduce the charge of the government and transfer of water management through agricultural cooperation. This study prioritize creation of the agricultural water cooperation in seven villages of Salami County from Khaf city of Razavi Khorasan province. The method of research is analytical and descriptive and is based on library field studies. The villages in the study area include 730 peasant families that according to Cochran formula, 252 farmers (households) were selected as sample society and were given some questionnaires regarding the matter. The 18 indicators were selected for study and examined by experts in relation to the establishment of agricultural water cooperation and using SAW Multi-Criteria Decision Making prioritized regarding to place for creation of agricultural cooperation. According to this method, Ahmedabad village with a score of 0.4627 is the first priority and Chardah village with 0.4143 points is the second priority for establishing agricultural cooperation.
Agricultural Extension and Education
Mehdi Charmchian Langerodi; Najmeh Espahbodinia
Ali Shamsoddini; Kioumars Dehghani
Abstract
Man from past had tried to established in nature so to have maximum use of the nature environment. The establishment of human settlements along the rivers, roads and delta show this claim. Human societies always thought to organize the environment and optimum use of resources, but ...
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Man from past had tried to established in nature so to have maximum use of the nature environment. The establishment of human settlements along the rivers, roads and delta show this claim. Human societies always thought to organize the environment and optimum use of resources, but following developments in the technology, increasing speed, decreasing distances and creation of mass communication, programming for scientific locating has been considered that includes both space, economic and social systems in optimal settlement locating. This paper aims in locating and selection of best central village of Doshman Ziyari District using Topsis model. It’s a descriptive and analytical research and gathering of date was based on library and field, interviews and feedback from people. Based on Topsis model and GIS, villages has analyzed and prioritized in six steps. Results show that the village of Dashte Azadgan with CL (rank) 0.656 is the best and first priority, the village of Dowlat abad with CL (rank) 0.533 is in the second priority, the village of Kollahsia with CL (rank) 0.335 is in the third priority and the village of Dehghap with CL (rank) 0.085 is in located in fourth priority.
Fatemeh Babazekri; Zeinab Sharifi
Abstract
Nowadays, the place of production of medicinal plants in the health of the community and the value of medicinal and aromatic plants are not covered by anyone. Forestry, pasture and medicinal and industrial plants not only have a particular role in the domestic economy, but also have a significant impact ...
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Nowadays, the place of production of medicinal plants in the health of the community and the value of medicinal and aromatic plants are not covered by anyone. Forestry, pasture and medicinal and industrial plants not only have a particular role in the domestic economy, but also have a significant impact on non-oil exports. It is important to note that Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad province has a diverse and appropriate climate that can be one of the most capable areas for the cultivation and production of medicinal plants. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating and identifying strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges of the cultivation and production of medicinal plants in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad province. SWOT method was used for this purpose and finally, using SWOT matrix, strategies were provided to improve the development conditions of this industry.More detailed findings especially about the supposed strategies are presented in the body of the paper
Agricultural Extension and Education
Abdolhalim Kor; Hamid Balali; Mahammad sharif Sharifzadeh
Abstract
Mazandaran province is one of the important poles of Tobacco production in the country. Evaluation of Tobacco cultivation status as a specialized commodity production system in the province over a 28-year period based on available evidence indicates a decline in cultivation of this crop. The aim of this ...
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Mazandaran province is one of the important poles of Tobacco production in the country. Evaluation of Tobacco cultivation status as a specialized commodity production system in the province over a 28-year period based on available evidence indicates a decline in cultivation of this crop. The aim of this study was to identify and analyze factors affecting farmers' tendency to continue tobacco cultivation in Mazandaran province. Data collection tool was a questionnaire, its validity was confirmed by the opinion of a group of experts and its reliability was based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient for different sections of the questionnaire, including environmental, extensional, technical, social and support factors above 0.75. The statistical population of this study is composed of tobacco farmers in Mazandaran province that Using Cochran sampling method, 147 samples were selected according to stratified sampling. According to descriptive analysis, 47.5% of farmers were positive about tobacco cultivation and the comparison of the mean tendency to continue cultivation in relation to age, literacy level, background tobacco farmers and income in the two communities (advocates and disagreeing continue to cultivate tobacco) did not show a significant difference. Also, according to the results of logistic regression analysis of drought and dry growing conditions, competing products such as rice and wheat, labor family and Transparency of purchase rates, respectively, with coefficient impact 0.663, 1.079, 0.589 and 0.628 has predicted a total of 33% of farmers' willingness and unwillingness to continue growing tobacco. Accordingly, in order to increase the tendency of farmers to continue cultivating, it is recommended to adopt appropriate pricing policies and provide support services such as providing loans and credits, tobacco insurance and their familiarity with appropriate agricultural methods and land preparation according to the conditions of the region.
Agricultural Extension and Education
KhodaAfv Rashednasab; Mostafa Ahmadvand
Abstract
Climate change, including drought, has caused nomadic communities of the country to collapse. However, this productive society contributes significantly to the sustainability of livestock production. If the livelihoods of nomadic societies are not diversified, food security of other sectors of the society ...
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Climate change, including drought, has caused nomadic communities of the country to collapse. However, this productive society contributes significantly to the sustainability of livestock production. If the livelihoods of nomadic societies are not diversified, food security of other sectors of the society will be compromised. Therefore, the main question of the research is “what are the strategies for the development of livelihoods of nomads in the Gachsaran County?” This descriptive-analytic research is an applied approach that uses the SWOT technique to explain the strategies for improving livelihood in nomads in the Gachsaran County. Therefore, the SWOT analysis was conducted with the experts of the Kohgiluyeh & Boyer-Ahmad Nomad Affairs Organization. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants who had detailed knowledge about nomads situation of the Gachsaran County. For this purpose, the participant group consisted of all experts in the organization (12 persons) who participated in the study. The results showed that the total weight of internal factors evaluation matrix for internal factors tribes was 3.68. While external factors was 3.32 based on the results of the final weight. The findings indicated that the nomads weaknesses compared to the strengths of the total weight had more that is required to plan to minimize weaknesses and maximum use of opportunities to eliminate weaknesses. Matrix IE, defensive strategy (WT) takes into account and identifies the first strategic planning process for the development of the nomadic society of the Gachsaran county. Through this, it has to be specified that codification of the strategy has to be in accordance with the internal strengths and external factors of threats. Finally, in order to improve livelihood of this group, making a preparatory plan to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats specific to each system of tribal community with the participation of nomads and planners is recommended.
Rural Development
Shohreh Soltani; Mojtaba Palouj
Abstract
Rural women participation in development projects often remains a motto due to the lack of attention to its subtleties and complexities. This study was aimed to investigate the appropriate strategies for real participation of rural women in development projects. To achieve this goal, women's participation ...
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Rural women participation in development projects often remains a motto due to the lack of attention to its subtleties and complexities. This study was aimed to investigate the appropriate strategies for real participation of rural women in development projects. To achieve this goal, women's participation in three stages of access, benefit and empowerment was elaborated. In this study, which was conducted in the years 2020-2021, due to the limitations created as a result of the Corona virus pandemic, the Internet survey method was used. The statistical population (N= 71) included students and graduates of universities, faculty members, experts and managers of the Ministry of Jihad Agriculture who were randomly selected from the list of members of the Agricultural Extension and Education Scientific Association. Data collection instrument was a questionnaire whose validity and reliability was confirmed. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software 22.The results showed that there are six main strategies for achieving women's participation in development projects, including planning based on women's individual characteristics, planning based on cultural and social issues, planning for the development of education, media content and ICT, Forming special women's groups and networking, access to financial resources, the possibility of participating in micro-credit schemes, and finally promoting government policies and the performance of organizations. Prioritizing strategies for achieving women's participation in development projects can vary in three stages. Formation of special groups for women and networking had high priority in all three stages of participation.
Hedayat Allah Darvishi; Maryam Beyranvandzadeh; Sayed Ali Nader Dehghani Alwar; Sajjad Ahmadi
Abstract
Promotion in rural tourism, based on sustainable tourism development and using tourism as the economic engine of the region to improve life quality, is one of the most important issues that needs to apply appropriate and rational strategies, fit to the regional and local capabilities and the direction ...
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Promotion in rural tourism, based on sustainable tourism development and using tourism as the economic engine of the region to improve life quality, is one of the most important issues that needs to apply appropriate and rational strategies, fit to the regional and local capabilities and the direction of spatial analysis. This study aims to explore strategies of rural tourism development in the Gaykan village, which is one of the target tourism villages in Aligoodarz County. The research method is descriptive- analytical which uses questionnaire to collect data. Sample data were about 184 people in the geographical area. Cochran formula was used to estimate the number of sample data. Sampling method is random and stratified sampling. In order to analysis and prioritize tourism development strategies, we used SWOT analysis model. The results show that, considering the evaluation of internal and external factors, Invasive strategy (max - max) has been identified as an optimal strategy towards achieving tourism development in Gaykan village.
Geography and plan
ahmad taghdisi; mohamad nilforosh
Abstract
Home-based businesses in rural areas are very important for their survival and non-migration, and its study can be valuable for sustainable employment and, consequently, sustainable development. This is very important in areas with a large number of villages with a large population and often without ...
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Home-based businesses in rural areas are very important for their survival and non-migration, and its study can be valuable for sustainable employment and, consequently, sustainable development. This is very important in areas with a large number of villages with a large population and often without a fixed income, including rural areas of Isfahan province.The purpose of this article is the effect of home-based businesses on economic structure from the perspective of villagers with a structural equation modeling approach. The present research is applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive-causal research in nature. The statistical population of the study includes all villagers working in home-based businesses in Isfahan province, which according to the Statistics Center of Iran in November 2016 was 296581 people. Cochran's formula was used to calculate the statistical sample size, based on which the sample size is equal to 384 households were estimated. Then, using probabilistic sampling method, questionnaires were distributed among 95 villages in Isfahan province that were randomly selected in 1398. The results show that the measured validity of all five measurement models as well as the second-order five-factor model is acceptable for surveying home-based businesses. Finally, production boom (0.30), increase in investment (0.18), improvement of business environment (0.66), reduction of villagers' debt (0.46) and reduction of migration (0.22) are among the factor burdens. Explains.
Agricultural Extension and Education
Hesamedin Gholami; Rasool Lavaei Adaryani; Mehdi Tafvizi
Abstract
The importance of bio-fertilizers has increased because of the negative consequences of using chemical fertilizers. This study that was conducted in the Zanjan County was aimed at examining the factors that affect farmers' perceived compatibility of bio- fertilizers. In this regard, among 313 active ...
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The importance of bio-fertilizers has increased because of the negative consequences of using chemical fertilizers. This study that was conducted in the Zanjan County was aimed at examining the factors that affect farmers' perceived compatibility of bio- fertilizers. In this regard, among 313 active farmers in the Zanjan county, 135 farmers were contacted and surveyed through a convenient sampling to examine two categories of effective factors, i.e. personal (knowledge about and attitude toward bio-fertilizers) and environmental (economic accessibility, physical accessibility to bio-fertilizers and policy and support structures) factors. Binary logistic regression and discriminant analysis were applied to examine the consistency of the results. The results of two techniques showed that improving policy and support increased farmers' perceived computability and providing economic facilities decreased it. Furthermore, the results revealed that farmers' knowledge and attitude did not have a significant effect on the perceived compatibility.
Agricultural Extension and Education
Seyedeh Shirin Golbaz; Esmail Karamidehkordi; Gholamreza Mojaradi
Abstract
Testing soil is recognized to be an important practice for sustainable use of nutrients, which has been introduced to Iranian grape farmers as an innovation for over a decade. Its adoption and utilization may be influenced by receiving information from different sources. This study is performed ...
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Testing soil is recognized to be an important practice for sustainable use of nutrients, which has been introduced to Iranian grape farmers as an innovation for over a decade. Its adoption and utilization may be influenced by receiving information from different sources. This study is performed to introduce these information sources that may influence the adoption of soil testing innovation by grape farmers. Using a survey, a sample of 260 out of 3942 grape farmers of the Khorramdarreh Township was selected using a stratified sampling technique and data was collected by structured interviews using a questionnaire. The content and face validity of the questionnaire was discussed and reviewed by a panel of experts consisting of university staff and agricultural professionals. Its reliability was also assessed through a pilot study and its main constructs were approved to be reliable using the Cronbach’s alpha test (measures between 0.71 and 0.84). Less than half of the grape farmers conducted soil testing in their vineyards. A regression analysis showed that variables such as contact of the farmers with model grape producers, Poster Received, publications and listening to radio programs and farmers’ education have a significant positive impact on soil testing innovation adoption. Therefore, both interpersonal and mass media can have a positive effect on farmers to adopt this innovation.
Rural Development
Ali Bahrami
Abstract
The excessive consumption of toxins, pesticides, and fertilizers in agriculture causes vital sources of water, soil, and food to be polluted. This problem has caused, experts to be considered energy consumption in agriculture, as one of the major environmental-threatening challenges. Energy consumption ...
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The excessive consumption of toxins, pesticides, and fertilizers in agriculture causes vital sources of water, soil, and food to be polluted. This problem has caused, experts to be considered energy consumption in agriculture, as one of the major environmental-threatening challenges. Energy consumption in crop and garden products are directly related to agricultural tillage systems. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of conservation agriculture systems on sustainable agriculture which, the irrigated wheat was surveyed in Hamadan province. 370 farmers were selected randomly from agricultural cooperatives. data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed with Excel and Spss software. The findings showed that; the total input energy in the wheat production process, in the conservation tillage system, was (32GJ/h) and the output energy was (11GJ/h). the energy generated by diesel consumption with more than %42 as the main fossil fuel in the first place and fertilizer with %32 was in the second place. The results showed that; the low-tillage farming system is an important step towards optimal use of energy in agricultural production and achieving the sustainable agriculture and rural development is possible if, the principles of low conservation tillage-system are done correctly. In addition, the expansion of conservation agriculture systems, as well as using scenarios such as tax increase and monitoring systems, can reduce environmental impact and fulfill the sustainable agriculture goals.
Agri Eco.
Tina tiiinaaamooo@gmail.com
Abstract
Abstract:In this study, the amount of energy consumption and its efficiency for pomegranate fruit production in areas of Mahwalat city of Khorasan-Razavi, was investigated by data envelopment analysis approach. The information required for the study was completed by completing 80 questionnaires among ...
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Abstract:In this study, the amount of energy consumption and its efficiency for pomegranate fruit production in areas of Mahwalat city of Khorasan-Razavi, was investigated by data envelopment analysis approach. The information required for the study was completed by completing 80 questionnaires among pomegranate orchard farmers in 2017. According to the data collected from the field study on how to perform agricultural operations on this crop, the amounts of input and output energies were calculated and their efficiency was evaluated. The results showed that the energy of two inputs of fuel and nitrogen fertilizer with 44.15 and 29.64%, respectively, were the most consumed energy inputs in production. The average production of pomegranate in Dughabad village was 7043.75 kg / ha and the total energy consumption in pomegranate orchards was 13383 MJ / ha. The results also showed that with decreasing the use of chemical fertilizers and increasing the use of machinery in pomegranate orchards, the average efficiency increases. Therefore, it is recommended to use less chemical fertilizers in pomegranate orchards. It is also suggested to increase the use of agricultural machinery to save time and increase efficiency.Keywords: Energy, Performance, Pomegranate, Mahvelat city, Consumption Pattern
Rural Development
Mahdi Babaeian; Abolfazl Tavassoli; Mohamad hosein salehi
Abstract
This research examines the energy use patterns and greenhouse gas emission of sugar beet farms in Hossein abad village of Shirvan city, in 2017-18. Data were collected by using a face-to-face questionnaire. Farms were selected with a random sampling method. In this study, the inputs in the calculation ...
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This research examines the energy use patterns and greenhouse gas emission of sugar beet farms in Hossein abad village of Shirvan city, in 2017-18. Data were collected by using a face-to-face questionnaire. Farms were selected with a random sampling method. In this study, the inputs in the calculation of energy use include: human labor, machinery, diesel fuel, chemical fertilizers, farmyard manure, biocides, electricity, water and the output in the calculation of total output energy include plant yield. The results indicated that total energy inputs were 66879.92 MJ ha-1and outputs 1310572.50 MJ ha-1. Of the total energy consumption in sugar beet production, 38.39% is related to the use of chemical fertilizers, 25.95% is related to diesel and 12.69% is related to electricity. Energy use efficiency of 19.59 and energy productivity of 0.72 kg MJ ha-1 were recorded. Chemicals, fuel and electricity played the largest role among energy inputs in beet farms. CO2, N2O and CH4 emissions were 2463.26, 21.02 and 3.26 kg ha-1, respectively. And the amount of global warming potential of these gases was calculated as 9048.85 CO2eq ha-1, of which 0.76% was related to CH4, 27.22% was related to CO2 and 72.02% was related to N2O.
