Rural Development Strategies

Abstract This research was conducted in order to sociologically explain the role of Omid Entrepreneurship Funds in the development of small businesses. The research method was mixed, in which thematic analysis method was used in the qualitative part and confirmatory factor analysis was used in the quantitative part. Interviews and questionnaires were used to collect information, and composite reliability was used for reliability and validity in the qualitative part, and convergent and divergent validity were used in the quantitative part. In the quantitative part, the statistical population includes 416 small rural businesses that have used the services of Omid Entrepreneurship Funds in 2023. The sample size in the qualitative section includes 18 managers; first, 6 managers of Omid Entrepreneurial Funds and then 12 managers of small business companies in the villages of Gilan province were interviewed using the principle of theoretical saturation, which finally led the researcher to a theoretical model with 6 main sociological components. Hypotheses were tested using SPSS software. Findings showed that the first hypothesis about the group of managers had a significance level of 0.001, that the satisfaction of managers was not significant. Other hypotheses about the two groups (fund managers and company managers) had a significance level of less than 0.05, i.e. (0.000). As a result, the mean difference test method was used to rank the components, and the components of Social Security with a value of 30.173 ranked first, Social Participation with a value of 28.50 ranked second, Social Capital with a value of 28.18 ranked third, Social Justice with a value of 25.34 ranked fourth, Social Satisfaction with a value of 20.84 ranked fifth, and Social Solidarity with a value of 16.34 ranked sixth. According to the findings of this research, it is recommended that the managers of the funds should consider giving loans to neglected people when paying loans for setting up rural businesses in Gilan province, which will lead to the development of justice for the villagers. And finally, in the Omid Entrepreneurship Funds of Gilan province, experts should be used to pay loans to applicants.

Abstract paper aims to study and analysis of effects good governance on sense of social security improvement in the rural areas of Ardabil County. This study is descriptive - analytical in terms of research methods, practical in terms of nature and is a library and field kind of research in terms of the type of data collection. The tool used in measuring the questionnaire was made by the researcher.Statistical society of research included all of villagers residing in the rural areas of Ardabil County (N=85053). In addition for determining sample size the villagers of residing in the rural areas of Ardabil county was used Cochran formula. Finally, the sample size of rural youth 383 was determined. Sample size was determined based on the Cochran’s formula and the required data were collected through questionnaires. Content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by professors and experts and its reliability was determined based on Cronbach's alpha (0.74-0.88). For data analysis, SPSS software was used.The obtained results from descriptive findings show that between average of good governance components, average of transparency component (11.25) stand in the first order and average of law domination component (4.26) stand in the last order. And also, from between average of social security sense components, average of personal security (10.8) stand in the first order and average of Judicial security stand in the last order. Also, the results of research showed that there was a statistically significant positive relationship between all variables of research except for rule of law and effectiveness and efficacy variables and improvement of social security sense

Abstract This paper aims to investigate the role of rural tourism on social security sense in the rural Areas in the Ardabil County. This study is descriptive - analytical in terms of research methods, practical in terms of nature and is a library and field kind of research in terms of the type of data collection. The tool used in measuring the questionnaire was made by the researcher. It can be said that studied population in this study consists of all villagers living in Sardabhe Dehstan, with using of simple random sampling and based Cochran formula, the appropriate amount for this research were selected which person 385. In addition, apposite of this smaple, for making equality at test and result, 385 of residing of villagers Dehstane lack tourism ‘Baleglou’ were selected as control group. The tool of measurement was made researcher questionnaire. The content and face validity of the instrument was specified after several times review and correction by the faculty of members at university and several expertise of administrative offices. The reliability analysis was conducted and Cronbach’s alpha values for the various sections of instrument were estimated to be between 0.80 and 0.83.The results of research by using of t test showed that there was a statistically significant positive relationship between variables of fincial security, job security, ethical security, civic security, reputation security, cultural security and emotional security and independent variable. Finally, based on the results analysis, some applied recommendations have been provided.