Env
Hadi Aazami; Seyed Mohamad Hossein Hosseini; Vahid Sadeghi
Abstract
Mamsani has undergone profound political and administrative changes at the crossroads of history. These developments have taken place in a primitive context and based on the identifiers of tribal culture. One of Mamsani's settlements is the Gachgaran village, which is considered to be the home of the ...
Read More
Mamsani has undergone profound political and administrative changes at the crossroads of history. These developments have taken place in a primitive context and based on the identifiers of tribal culture. One of Mamsani's settlements is the Gachgaran village, which is considered to be the home of the Gachgaran people. The political activism of the residents of this settlement is not only separate from other Memsani settlements, but is formed in a tribal context. With this approach, the question is raised, what is the role of tribalism as a historical phenomenon in the political participation and local management of Gachgaran village in the central part of Mamsani? It seems that the tribal culture has played a role in the political participation and local management of Gachgaran village through the institutionalization of the traditional ethnic/kinship model and the intensification of the excitement of the residents. The research method is descriptive-analytical. Among the indicators of tribal culture as an independent variable are: local-tribal emotions, habitat loyalty, nepotism, limited demands of individuals and groups and hometown rivalry. Among the indicators of political participation as a dependent variable are: the special work of the representatives, the election of the Islamic Council, the Dispute Resolution Council and the Village Islamic Council. In this regard, the performance index of the village assistant is considered as another dependent variable for local management. The data were collected by library/documentary (statistics) and field (observation and interview) method. The output of the research shows that tribal culture, by producing ethnic/kinship tendencies and intensifying excitement and emotions, plays an effective role in increasing the political participation of village residents in political moments such as political gatherings in the context of history, the elections of the Islamic Council Parliament and The Village Islamic Council. On the other hand, the selection of local managers in Village Association, House of Justice and army of Science after the land reforms and village governor after the Islamic Revolution based on kinship/tribal considerations and not on the basis of expertise/merit-oriented has fueled the inefficiency of local management in Gachgaran village.
Env
Mohsen Maleki; masumeh sadat Hoseni nasab; mohammad baqer Morovati
Abstract
Natural resources are the main sources of income for many villagers of country. The diversity of stakeholders in natural resources field, leads to the conflict. Recognition of the effective factors in the conflict between the stakeholders are very importatnt in natural resource management. This study ...
Read More
Natural resources are the main sources of income for many villagers of country. The diversity of stakeholders in natural resources field, leads to the conflict. Recognition of the effective factors in the conflict between the stakeholders are very importatnt in natural resource management. This study was done in Rural Regions of Southern Ardebil and legal, managerial, exploitation, and social components were examined from the perspectives of both experts and beneficiaries. To accomplish the research, 240 questionnaires were completed in target population. The validity of the questionnaire was 0.96. The Mann-Whitney U-test was used to compare differences between two groups. The results show that in addition to the natural resources conflict in the whole region, in terms of perspective, there is a significant difference between the factors affecting the conflict between the local community and government experts. The most important components for increasing the conflict in this region from the perspective of stakeholders are lack of government support for the operator, cut down trees, people awareness level, and according to the experts, lack of law, early grazing and level of awareness of stakeholders. Land grabbing, Coaling, wood smuggling, and understory tillage aren’t the most challenging issues. From the managerial point of view, both groups have declared that the most effective way to reduce the conflict is the confinement of forests and pastures, but the participatory management issues was not accepted according to the two groups’ viewpoints. Effective presence of experts in the field, recognizing the livelihood potentials of the region, and encouraging and educating people to know alternative jobs are suitable ways to reduce conflict.
Env
nazila jeshan shahriari; hamid Jalalian; Ahmad Haj Alizadeh; saeid nasire zare
Abstract
This study investigated the empowerment program of the local community of Ghale Ganj city in Kerman province on the empowerment of women in the villages of Sorkh Qale rural district. This research is used in terms of purpose and in terms of analytical-correlation method. The statistical population was ...
Read More
This study investigated the empowerment program of the local community of Ghale Ganj city in Kerman province on the empowerment of women in the villages of Sorkh Qale rural district. This research is used in terms of purpose and in terms of analytical-correlation method. The statistical population was 975 rural women covered by this project in the Red Fort area. 138 samples were obtained based on Cochran's formula. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by experts and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Distribution and selection of samples were done based on their ratio and randomly. According to the results, the implementation of this plan in the dimension of personality has increased confidence, sense of independence, value and increased decision-making power in women, which in turn, their participation in council elections and management in their village in the social dimension has increased. Social credibility is the credibility of ideas and opinions in the family and society, as well as the proper upbringing of children in the family. But economically, the project has only created an entrepreneurial spirit among women and has not been successful in many economic variables. Therefore, creating conditions in the form of financing, creating appropriate credit and savings funds, and creating diversity in activities and educational programs among women to start economic activities, can lead to employment, savings and diversity in their economic activities. Be. Also, according to other research findings, there is a significant relationship between the variables of age, level of education and marital status of women with their empowerment.
Env
Milad joodidamirchi; mozhdeh maleki; Yousef Hedjazi
Abstract
Women's participation in agricultural activities is important. The purpose of this study was Canonical Analysis of the social factors affecting the participation of rural women in post-harvest operations in Moghan plain. The statistical population of this study was all farmers of Moghan plain (N = 1303). ...
Read More
Women's participation in agricultural activities is important. The purpose of this study was Canonical Analysis of the social factors affecting the participation of rural women in post-harvest operations in Moghan plain. The statistical population of this study was all farmers of Moghan plain (N = 1303). Using Cochran's formula, 210 of them were selected as sample size. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. In order to determine the validity of the questionnaire from experts' point of view, its reliability was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha (0.89). Research variables included transportation, storage, processing, packaging and marketing. Membership in the production co-operative, village council, microfinance fund and parent association were also considered as independent variables. The results showed that horticulturists working in production cooperatives had less marketing skills, while village gardeners had better skills. According to the findings of the present study, external education (comprehensive training of members and co-operative directors by the Cooperative Office, Agricultural Jihad and Promotion Organizations, ... in the field of sales and marketing of their products) and internal training (mutual learning of cooperative members And rural councils on marketing, etc.), networking at the individual level (social capital) and institutional level (political capital), adopting supportive policies of the cooperative sector and village council (insurance Products, marketing, credits) and the creation of infrastructure with the involvement of rural microfinance funds with government support.
Env
Mousa Aazami; Saeid Hedayatiniya
Abstract
Nowaday, the relationship between the two concepts of social capital and social welfare is evident, to the point where it can be admitted that by storing social capital more conditions can be created that achieve a high level of social welfare in most communities. The purpose of this study was to investigate ...
Read More
Nowaday, the relationship between the two concepts of social capital and social welfare is evident, to the point where it can be admitted that by storing social capital more conditions can be created that achieve a high level of social welfare in most communities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of social capital factors on wellbeing in rural regions, Bala-darband Dehestan of Kermanshah County. In this study, a survey was conducted using a questionnaire. Face validity was confirmed by a panel of experts. Statistical population of the study was the head of rural households in Bala-darband Dehestan, that using multi-stage random cluster sampling, 160 subjects were selected. In order to investigate the fitness of latent variables and test of hypothesis, structural equation modeling with LISRELver8.50 software was used. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) confirmed the consistency with the theoretical assumptions. Results of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) showed that social capital factors such as social trust (t=3/18, γ=0/28), social solidarity (t=2/00, γ=0/17) and knowledge (t=4/18, γ=0/44) were the most important determinants to predict wellbeing of rural households and explain 51 percent of variability in the rural wellbeing. Finally, the study offered applied achievements to rural development custodians and managers for improving social capital factors.
Env
Sadegh Salehi; Fatemeh Ebrahimkhani
Abstract
Water issues have become one of the key issues in the Iranian environment. in Iran, nevertheless water scarcity, The water consumption is beyond international standards and highest level of water loss is in the agricultural sector. Such as solutions for the efficient use and more effective water is coping ...
Read More
Water issues have become one of the key issues in the Iranian environment. in Iran, nevertheless water scarcity, The water consumption is beyond international standards and highest level of water loss is in the agricultural sector. Such as solutions for the efficient use and more effective water is coping strategies. The success of these strategies, depends on the behavior of farmers as actors. The present research studies the social backgrounds in groundwater conservation policies. The sample was composed of 120 farm-owners of water rights in the central part of Qazvin Plain. For this study, the survey method was used and the instrument to collect the data was questionnaire with several parts of the assessment. The results of this study indicate that participation in the groundwater resource conservation strategies in farmers requires the existence of a social context. This depends on the type of intergroup and outsourcing of farmers. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between social capital with the surveyed farmers. The research ended up with explaining about possible reasons of farmers’ different level of support and some suggestions were for futures studies.
Env
Ali Ghasemi Ardahaee; Reza Noubakht; Nayereh Rostami
Abstract
Entrepreneurship and sustainable rural employment are the main concerns of rural planners. One of the most basic requirements for this is that young people remain in the rural areas. Accordingly, the aim of this paper is to identify individual and structural factors that are effective in keeping young ...
Read More
Entrepreneurship and sustainable rural employment are the main concerns of rural planners. One of the most basic requirements for this is that young people remain in the rural areas. Accordingly, the aim of this paper is to identify individual and structural factors that are effective in keeping young people in rural areas. Statistical results of the bivariate and multilevel modeling (HLM) shows that rural youth are not willing to stay in rural regions. One may cite the following individual factors contributing to this lack of interest in staying in rural areas: age, marital status, education, communication with relatives in the city, as well as employment status and job skills. People with higher human capital who have technical skills and building related non-agricultural skills are not interested in staying in rural areas. Moreover, the increased population in the villages and lack of social welfare facilities in village are highly effective in reducing the tendency of young people to stay in the villages.
Env
Hossaein Agahi; Akram Binaian; Saber Fatahi
Abstract
Today, in many countries of the world, in some cases women are barred from interfering in politics and social roles. Thus, still it is necessary to place women in political, social, economic and cultural activities. The purpose of this study is to examine individual and family barriers to women's political ...
Read More
Today, in many countries of the world, in some cases women are barred from interfering in politics and social roles. Thus, still it is necessary to place women in political, social, economic and cultural activities. The purpose of this study is to examine individual and family barriers to women's political and social participation of the Shirez District in the city of Harsin. The research methodology used is descriptive-correlation and it is carried out by using a survey. The statistical population included the women older than 6 years in the Shirez District. A sample size of 333 person was determined by using the Kerejcie and Morgan table. They have been selected using the convenience sampling method with proportional assignment. Data analysis was done by using the Spearman coefficient and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that the political participation of women is in the medium level and their social participation is in the high level. Also, the results indicated that women believe that they are not able to participate in political affairs. The inability to communicate with others, the physical weakness and other problems, high volume of activities of women at home, high volume of activities in the agricultural sector and livestock, accepting dominance, lack of experience in political and administrative affairs and unwillingness of women compared to men in management are the main barriers of the political and social participation of rural women.
Env
Ali Asghar Mohajerani; Mansour Haghighatian; Mahdi Yousefnia
Abstract
Various socio-cultural and economic factors change the lifestyle of the people due to the changes of villages into cities. Lifestyle preferences of the people are demonstrated in leisure activities, clothing, nutrition, body management, architecture and interior design of houses. This study is aimed ...
Read More
Various socio-cultural and economic factors change the lifestyle of the people due to the changes of villages into cities. Lifestyle preferences of the people are demonstrated in leisure activities, clothing, nutrition, body management, architecture and interior design of houses. This study is aimed to examine social, cultural and economic factors that may have an impact on the lifestyle of the residents of the villages that have been converted into cities in the Khorasan Razavi Province, namely Khaf and Roshtkhar counties. According to available information between the years 2002 -2004, three suburbs called Nashtifan, Salami and Jangal were converted into cities. Theoretical research based on the theories of Ibn-Khaldun, Weber, Veblen, Simmel, Bourdieu, Giddens and Cheney have been developed. The research method was based on a survey, and a questionnaire was developed to collect data. The results show that more changes in the lifestyles of the people in the cities Salami and Nashtifan were caused by cultural factors and those in the Jangal have been caused by economic factors. Also the results show that there is a significant relationship between social participation, political and administrative organizations, ways and means of communications, individualism, identity and relationships, indirect and secondary classes as factors of social, cultural and educational facilities, wasteful consumption and cultural capital as cultural factors, consumerism, shopping, tendency towards speculative interests, fading support of joint economic prosperity as economic factors and lifestyle.
Env
Iman Haghiyan; Golam Ali Heshmati; hossein Barani; jamshid Ghorbani; Godrat Heydari
Abstract
The ability of rural and nomadic communities of Iran to survive has long been dependent upon rangelands. Climatic, ethnic and tribal diversity has led to traditional rangeland-based husbandry systems that have their own calendar and animal husbandry methods in different regions of Iran. In this study ...
Read More
The ability of rural and nomadic communities of Iran to survive has long been dependent upon rangelands. Climatic, ethnic and tribal diversity has led to traditional rangeland-based husbandry systems that have their own calendar and animal husbandry methods in different regions of Iran. In this study surveying husbandry regime and financial balance of traditional rangeland-based husbandry systems were carried out in Baladeh-Nour (part of Central Alborz rangelands). After the initial assessment, three herders who were representative cases were identified within certain rangelands (Davilat, Chell & Baladeh). Monitoring their activities of animal husbandry and financial balance analysis was carried out in a period of one year. Field survey was done from April 2012 to April 2013. The researcher was involved in rangeland areas at intervals of 15 days and all of the details of livestock and husbandry activities were recorded. The results showed that in this area traditional husbandry system has 5 different work seasons in each year. For financial balance of traditional husbandry systems, all of the costs and revenues were calculated during the year. The results showed that considering the financial value of the lambs, there was a daily net profit of 707460 Rials in Davilat, 696400 Rials in Chell and 814220 Rials in Baladeh had daily net profit. Eventually, it was important in this research to learn more about traditional husbandry in rural communities to increase the efficiency of livestock husbandry, to maintain active labor in rural communities and to prevent rural migration to cities.
Env
Fariba Farhadi; Mohammad Sadegh Ebrahimi
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate rural women's awareness and use of from rural ICT services offices. The statistical population consisted of 5018 over 15- year- old literate rural women in 16 villages with ICT offices in Shahreza County. Using Cochran formula, 190 rural women were selected as sample and ...
Read More
This study aimed to investigate rural women's awareness and use of from rural ICT services offices. The statistical population consisted of 5018 over 15- year- old literate rural women in 16 villages with ICT offices in Shahreza County. Using Cochran formula, 190 rural women were selected as sample and stratified proportional sampling randomly questionnaire distributed by stratified sampling with proportional allocation in the villages. The results shows the highest level of awareness of the services are awareness of basic services, social services, educational services, information services and financial services respectively and the highest referring to the offices are to receive basic services, information services, social services, educational services and economic services respectively. The results of the Friedman test showed a significant difference between rural women's awareness of five groups of services at 1 percent confidence in a way that their highest awareness is of basic services and their least awareness is of financial services. Furthermore, there is significant difference between rural women's referring to ICT offices to receive five groups of services at 1 percent confidence in a way that their most referring to ICT offices is to receive basic services. Key words: Rural ICT offices, services offices, ICT, Rural women, Shahreza County
Env
Abozar Parhizkari; Mohammad Mahdi Mozaffari; Roya Parhizkari
