Agri Eco.
Fatemeh Moazzezi; Saeed Yazdani
Abstract
Today, in order to provide food security and respond to the increasing demand due to population growth, most countries, including Iran, have paid special attention to wheat production. The adoption of incentive policies by governments to increase the production of this product has led to the widespread ...
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Today, in order to provide food security and respond to the increasing demand due to population growth, most countries, including Iran, have paid special attention to wheat production. The adoption of incentive policies by governments to increase the production of this product has led to the widespread use of various production inputs, including chemical fertilizers, which have the possibility of soil and water pollution. The increase of these pollutions has caused a change of attitude in the field of food production. One of the most important of these attitudes is the sustainable production of sufficient food along with attention to social, economic and environmental dimensions. Therefore, in order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to optimize and increase the environmental efficiency and cost in the consumption of chemical fertilizer inputs. For this purpose, this study has investigated the cost and environmental efficiency of wheat farmers in Gachsaran using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. The required data were obtained using simple random sampling method and completing the questionnaire from the farmers of Lishter Plain in Gachsaran in 2018. The results showed that the average cost efficiency under the assumption of constant return to scale and variable return to scale is 0.536 and 0.662, respectively, and the average environmental efficiency is 0.569 and 0.691, respectively. Therefore, the improvement in technical efficiency can significantly reduce production costs and environmental inefficiencies for farmers. Therefore, it is recommended that the government, in addition to training farmers in the optimal use of chemical inputs, by applying support policies, encourages wheat farmers towards organic cultivation and production so that while providing their income, a healthier product reaches the hands of consumers and improves their environmental performance.
Agri Eco.
Sepideh Ghasemian; Arash Dourandish; Mohammad Ghorbani; Fatameh sakhi
Abstract
The agricultural products insurance is an efficient way to reduce the risk of activity in this field, which seeks to improve the economic productivity of the agricultural sector by encouraging farmers to insure their products. The success of it also depends on the farmers' willingness to produce ...
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The agricultural products insurance is an efficient way to reduce the risk of activity in this field, which seeks to improve the economic productivity of the agricultural sector by encouraging farmers to insure their products. The success of it also depends on the farmers' willingness to produce insurance. Considering the importance of insurance in reducing risk and stabilizing the income of farmers, this research has investigated the factors affecting the decreased demand for wheat in Torbat Jam city. This research was conducted by completing questionnaire and sampling method available from 198 people from all wheat farmers of this city in the year of 2020-2021 and it was analyzed using logit model. Based on the information obtained from the Agricultural Jahad of this city, 72 of the farmers in the sample have taken out insurance for the wheat. The results of the showed that factors including the level of education, the area under cultivation of wheat, the years of history of the farmer facing the risk, the timely payment of compensation by the agricultural products insurance fund and the completeness of the level of coverage have a negative effect, and on the other hand, the variables of the amount of income from the sale of wheat, having sources of income other and the distance to the insurance office from the farmers' residence have a positive effect on not applying for insurance by the wheat farmers of this city. it is appropriate to the classification of agricultural risks according to regions.
Agri Eco.
Alireza Shafaeieh Najjar; Mohammad Kavoosi-Kalashami; Heydar Gholizadeh
Abstract
Considering the climatic similarity of Iran's three northern provinces compared to the Netherlands, why does Iran have a low level of development in the agricultural sector? Can the Netherlands development model be used for the development of Iran's agricultural sector? The purpose of this ...
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Considering the climatic similarity of Iran's three northern provinces compared to the Netherlands, why does Iran have a low level of development in the agricultural sector? Can the Netherlands development model be used for the development of Iran's agricultural sector? The purpose of this research is to determine the level of development of the agricultural sector in the three northern provinces of Iran (Guilan, Mazandaran and Golestan) compare to the Netherlands. To achieve this goal, the MARCOS approach was used. The most important reason for using this method is more confidence and accuracy in solving multi-criteria decision problems. A method based on hierarchy and knowledge of conditions and limitations to solve business problems in the real world. The required statistics and information are obtained from agricultural statistics and databases such as the World Bank, the World Food and Agriculture Organization. The final results show the low level of development of Iran's three northern provinces compared to the Netherlands.this backwardness can be seen in: agriculture, horticulture, animal husbandry, mechanization, education and infrastructure sector. One of the most important reasons for the Netherlands success of is to use of advanced technologies and advanced greenhouses, including hydroponic agriculture, geothermal energy, artificial lighting technology, and hydroponics and aeronautics solutions. Therefore, Supporting the introduction of new technologies in the country can speed up the development of agricultural sector in Iran.
Agri Eco.
mina salehnia; mohsen rafati
Abstract
One of the measures that can be taken in crisis management of Lake Urmia is to measure the impacts of the drying up of the lake on the rurals income in the basin. Assessing impacts in local dimensions is important because of identifying the ability of areas involved in environmental crises to deal with ...
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One of the measures that can be taken in crisis management of Lake Urmia is to measure the impacts of the drying up of the lake on the rurals income in the basin. Assessing impacts in local dimensions is important because of identifying the ability of areas involved in environmental crises to deal with them. Also, using the results of measuring this important factor can lead to the adoption of appropriate livelihood policies to reduce vulnerability. In this regard, the present study investigated factors affecting the income of rural households in Urmia lake basin using panel data in the three provinces of West Azerbaijan, East Azerbaijan and Kurdistan. Utilizing the data of the period of 2006-2019 and estimating the model using the fixed effects approach showed that percentage of working people of the active rural population, the area of irrigated land, the level of Lake Urmia, and annual rainfall respectively have the most positive effects on the real annual income. So that for one percent increase in the value of each of these variables, the real income will increase by 0.269, 0.186, 0.074 and 0.006 percent respectively. Taking support measures for the construction of greenhouses, investing in non-agricultural businesses in order to diversify the income and livelihood resources of the villagers, expanding mechanization and the use of new technologies in the agricultural sector Land equipping with new irrigation systems, and speeding up the completion of projects approved by the lake restoration headquarters are the suggestions of the present study.
Agri Eco.
Ali Rasoolian; Hossein Hakimpour; Mehdi Mahmoodzadeh
Abstract
Studies have shown that foreign direct investment has significant effects on macroeconomic variables including tax revenue growth, inflation rate, liquidity growth rate, exchange rate, economic growth growth, employment growth, reduced imports and export development. Meanwhile, the economy of rural areas ...
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Studies have shown that foreign direct investment has significant effects on macroeconomic variables including tax revenue growth, inflation rate, liquidity growth rate, exchange rate, economic growth growth, employment growth, reduced imports and export development. Meanwhile, the economy of rural areas plays an important role in attracting foreign capital due to its high share in employment and the existence of abundant capacities in the capital conversion and complementary industries. In Iran, Khorasan Razavi is one of the leading provinces in attracting foreign investment due to its unique potentials, especially in rural areas and areas with an industrial agriculture approach. This study aims to investigate the role of marketing mixes on attracting foreign investment in villages and economic sectors prone to attracting capital in Khorasan Razavi. Required information by completing a questionnaire from 30 experts and economic elites in government and private sector with emphasis on provincial agencies related to rural and university economics and other necessary information from 25 companies active in areas related to products A village in this field was collected by available sampling method in 2021. In order to achieve the purpose of the study, the sequential logit economic model and network analysis model were used. The results showed that the company's activity history in attracting investment, education of the CEO or CEO, advertising costs, research and development per year, marketing mixes, marketing strategies and ensuring investment security in attracting foreign capital by companies. Are in transition. However, macroeconomic indicators and government governance behaviors and policies also have a large impact. In the end, marketing mixes were prioritized in order to attract foreign investment.
Agri Eco.
Alireza Karbasi; Seyed Mahdi Hoseyni; Amir Dadrasmoghadam; Hamideh Hamidipour
Abstract
Saffron is one of the strategic products of the agricultural sector in Iran’s South Khorasan province, the second largest producer which has a special place in Iran's non-oil exports. Unfortunately, the dispersion of saffron lands and the existence of smallholder units, while increasing costs and ...
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Saffron is one of the strategic products of the agricultural sector in Iran’s South Khorasan province, the second largest producer which has a special place in Iran's non-oil exports. Unfortunately, the dispersion of saffron lands and the existence of smallholder units, while increasing costs and reducing yields, have made it difficult to use new technology and implement modern irrigation projects and has reduced the profit, productivity and production efficiency of saffron growers in the region so that in recent years, many saffron growers have gradually devoted saffron lands to other crops. Land consolidation strategy is of great economic and agricultural importance. This strategy can lead to the optimal use of production inputs. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the land integration by saffron growers in Ghaenat county in South Khorasan province. In the completed questionnaire, lands were divided into three levels of small, medium and large-scale farms in terms of size. The results showed that the final effects of the variables of number of households, new technology and tools, knowledge of new production methods, existence of risk in production and performance have been effective on the integration of saffron farmers' lands in both medium and large land levels. In level 2 lands with medium scale (between 3 to 5 hectares), the variables of yield, technology and new tools and knowledge of new methods of saffron production have a significant negative, negative and positive effect on the use of medium scale lands, respectively. Level 3 lands (large scale), the effect of two variables on the number of households and the existence of risk in saffron production on land integration and use of large-scale lands have been negative and significant and the three variables of saffron yield per hectare, new technology and tools and Knowledge of new methods of saffron production with sizes of 0.003, 0.16 and 0.06, respectively, has a positive and significant effect on land integration or large-scale land use. Therefore, by increasing the yield of saffron per hectare, new technology and tools and knowledge of new production methods provide better conditions for land integration and large-scale land use. Therefore, it is suggested that by awareness and informing saffron farmers about new technology and tools, as well as by training and acquiring more specialized knowledge in the field of saffron production, farmers from land integration or the use of large-scale lands in order to improve efficiency and productivity will be further supported.
Agri Eco.
zahra ghaffari moghadam; Ebrahim Moradi; mahmoud hashemi tabar; ali sardar shahraki
Abstract
The critical situation of water resources in arid and semi-arid regions of Iran, especially the Sistan region, has faced a serious problem in the process of sustainable development in this region. Insufficient attention to the optimal management of agricultural water resources and the continuation of ...
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The critical situation of water resources in arid and semi-arid regions of Iran, especially the Sistan region, has faced a serious problem in the process of sustainable development in this region. Insufficient attention to the optimal management of agricultural water resources and the continuation of some current incorrect methods is one of the main factors in the failure to achieve sustainable agricultural and rural development. In this research, with the optimal management of the Hirmand River in the agricultural sector, an attempt has been made to develop the agricultural and rural sectors of the Sistan region. For this purpose, game theory has been used to allocate water between agricultural lands in rural areas of Sistan in 2020-2021. The meta-heuristic algorithm was used to run the game, combining a dynamic genetic algorithm and fuzzy programming method. The results showed that the use of the proposed model could lead to an efficient and fair distribution of water between irrigated areas and different crops so that maximum profit is obtained from this allocation and by increasing irrigation efficiency from 35 to 50 and 70% of the total profit will increase from 314810 to 544390 and 896050 million Rials. According to the results of this study, it is suggested that high-yield crops such as onions and melons be replaced with low-yield crops such as wheat and barley. Also, due to the water crisis in the Sistan region, the results of Stackelberg game modeling in this study can be used for optimal water allocation in the Sistan region.
Agri Eco.
Javad Tayranian Karimian; Jalil Farzadmehr; Reza Yari
Abstract
With the importance of medicinal and economic of shrubs Rhus coriaria, the aim of this study was to determine the most important ecological factors affecting its distribution in its natural habitats in Mashhad rangelands. Sampling was done by systematic-random sampling method with 3 transects and 10 ...
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With the importance of medicinal and economic of shrubs Rhus coriaria, the aim of this study was to determine the most important ecological factors affecting its distribution in its natural habitats in Mashhad rangelands. Sampling was done by systematic-random sampling method with 3 transects and 10 plots per transect and vegetation parameters and environmental factors were measured. Soil properties were sampled from the beginning and end of each transect. Statistical analyzes were performed using R software and analysis of variance, considering the normality of the data. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to investigate the distribution of environmental factors. Results of analysis of variance of measured factors showed that there were no significant differences between percentages of sand, clay, silt and soil texture as well as percent and slope factors. Mostly distributed in eastern and southeast oriental species, loamy soil texture, slope percentage between slopes of 30-37% and soil sand percentage between 42-46%, The silt percentage is between 37 and 44% and the clay content is between 13 and 19%. The results showed that among the factors of height, annual rainfall, electrical conductivity, carbon, phosphorus, potassium, lime, acidity, mean annual temperature, there was a significant difference between the studied sites at 1% level of annual maximum and minimum annual temperature; In other words, these factors are not the most important factors of species distribution and they only differ among the studied habitats and cause differentiation of species.
Agri Eco.
Mashaallah salarpoor; Mojtaba Okati
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been great importance throughout human life. Because the variety of medicinal plants in Iran is huge, exporting these types of plants can be a great deal for Iran. In this study, according to data from 1997 to 2020 in FAO, four types of herbs, fennel, anise, badian, and coriander ...
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Medicinal plants have been great importance throughout human life. Because the variety of medicinal plants in Iran is huge, exporting these types of plants can be a great deal for Iran. In this study, according to data from 1997 to 2020 in FAO, four types of herbs, fennel, anise, badian, and coriander were used to cluster the target export markets (the top 20 countries). These 20 countries were selected based on market share indicators, market size, market growth, export continuity, market structure, competitive advantage and export price, then clustered using k-means clustering technique and SPSS software. The results showed that Iran's export target markets should be divided into four clusters based on export price priority. Pakistan, UAE and Ukraine in one cluster (first cluster), Peru, India, China, Bangladesh, Bahrain, Turkey, Qatar and Kuwait in one cluster (second cluster), Japan and Korea in third cluster and Singapore, UK, Colombia, Malaysia, Spain, Belgium, Germany and Russia are in the fourth cluster. Therefore, it is suggested to increase exports to the countries in the first cluster. On the other hand, it is possible to export more to countries around Iran at a lower price. Because the countries of the fourth cluster are new markets for Iranian medicinal plants, more currency can be earned by exporting to these countries. It is also suggested that the government pay more attention to the export of medicinal plants that have a high global demand.
Agri Eco.
mohammad reza bakhshi; sayyed homayoun farhangfar; pouyan malekinejad
Abstract
Analysis of technical efficiency of broiler production farms is necessary for optimal and economical use of available resources. The aim of this study was to measure and compare the technical efficiency of broiler production farms in Birjand and Darmian counties. The sample size was determined using ...
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Analysis of technical efficiency of broiler production farms is necessary for optimal and economical use of available resources. The aim of this study was to measure and compare the technical efficiency of broiler production farms in Birjand and Darmian counties. The sample size was determined using Cochran's formula and the required data collected by completing a questionnaire from 201 active meat poultry units in Birjand and Darmian counties by random sampling method. Comprehensive Data Analysis (DEA) method used to analyze the data. The results showed that the average technical efficiency of poultry farmers in Birjand and Darmian counties was 93 and 88%, respectively, assuming a fixed return to the scale, and 95 and 93%, respectively, assuming variable returns to the scale, which is a statistically significant difference(p<0/05). Also, the capacity to improve production and efficiency in poultry farms in Darmian county is more than Birjand county and is estimated to be 11.7 and 7%, respectively. The average scale efficiency and technical efficiency (in both fixed and variable returns) of poultry units in Birjand county is more than Darmian county, which on the one hand indicates better management of resource use in poultry units of Birjand and on the other hand shows the potential to increase production and efficiency of poultry units in darmian. Therefore, without changing the production technology and by promoting technical and managerial factors from the most efficient poultry units to low efficiency poultry units, the gap between broiler poultry units in Darmian and Birjand can be reduced.
Agri Eco.
Fatemeh Rastegaripour; Bahareh Rezazadeh
Abstract
Preserving human lives along with providing ease of movement is one of the most important goals of traffic engineering processes. Pedestrians are one of the most important pillars of traffic, so vehicles and pedestrians are the main targets for traffic policing. Pedestrian walkways are places that are ...
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Preserving human lives along with providing ease of movement is one of the most important goals of traffic engineering processes. Pedestrians are one of the most important pillars of traffic, so vehicles and pedestrians are the main targets for traffic policing. Pedestrian walkways are places that are built for pedestrians in a variety of different applications. The main purpose of this research is to analyze the factors affecting the citizens' desire to no use pedestrian bridges. This research is applied in terms of its nature and purpose and its research method is analytical-descriptive. Data were collected through field survey and face-to-face interviews with 380 people in 2019 using stratified random sampling method. Questionnaires were used to measure it. In this study Eviews statistical software and Logit model were used for data analysis.The results showed that one of the most important factors affecting students' unwillingness to use the Pedestrian is the height of stairs, fear of elevation, fines or encouragement, escalators, and the creation of mid-way streets. In the public users section of the park factor affecting to use the Pedestrian were the number of stairs, the level of awareness of the people and the construction of the overpass. These factors in the students sector include the slope and height of the stairs, fines or encouragement, escalator placement and waste of time, which in most cases are the same as the student section. Also, the most important factor in the student sector is the creation of the middle of the street, in the public user of park is number of stairs, and in the student sector was waste of time.Escalator construction gives incentives for more people to use the streets to cross the street. Also, standardizing the height and slope of stairs and creating a barrier in the middle of the street makes the public more inclined to use the slopes
Agri Eco.
Mohamad ebrahim Mohamadi masoudi; hasan afrakhte; hamid jalalian
Abstract
The silk industry has played an important role in encouraging investment in infrastructure, generating revenue for the government, and creating direct and indirect employment throughout the country. One of these strategies for sustainable rural development is the development and expansion of industries ...
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The silk industry has played an important role in encouraging investment in infrastructure, generating revenue for the government, and creating direct and indirect employment throughout the country. One of these strategies for sustainable rural development is the development and expansion of industries in rural areas. There are two types of silk weaving in Iran, industrial and traditional, the share of the traditional sector in this profession is more than 70%, which is currently a common occupation among the residents of this region in the villages of Natanz city in Isfahan province. Is. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and survey method. The time period is 1399. The statistical population of the study is 1050 Noghandans of Natanz city in ten villages of Noghan exploitation, which include 1050 households and the sample size is 320 questionnaires. In this study, we use factor analysis and Pearson test to evaluate the impact of Nogandra on rural economic development. The results showed that the most important effect and breeding of silkworm has been to move the agricultural system of the region towards the principles of sustainable economy and sustainable economy with a total 22.68 which is considered an environmental effect, followed by social effects 1). / 13 and most importantly, it has had an effect on the situation of rural women, and finally, some environmental areas 4.68 have been affected by this activity. However, the intensity of social influences has been much greater than other influences.
Agri Eco.
Mohammad Kiani; Hamed Najafi Alamdarlo
Abstract
Income inequality is one of the most important issues that is of serious concern to economic policymakers due to its impact on various aspects of economic welfare and food. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between the increase in the agricultural value added ...
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Income inequality is one of the most important issues that is of serious concern to economic policymakers due to its impact on various aspects of economic welfare and food. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between the increase in the agricultural value added and income inequality. For this purpose, the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) approach has been used for the period of 2005-2014. The results show that the effects of increasing the agricultural value added on income inequality are negative and different results are obtained at sub-sectors. The most important finding of this research is that agricultural policies have very different results in sub-sectors and regions. Therefore, it is suggested to change the macro-sector approach of the agricultural sector and replace it with the macro-sub-sector approach. In the following, development policies appropriate to each province and depending on the nature of the subdivisions of each province should be taken into consideration.
Agri Eco.
Mohammad-Sadeq Gholipour; Ahmad Abedi-Sarvestani; Ramtin Joolaie
Abstract
The importance of the market for agricultural products is as important as the production of the product. However, marketing has always been one of the major problems of smallholder and family farmers. The present descriptive survey research has investigated the marketing efficiency of agricultural products ...
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The importance of the market for agricultural products is as important as the production of the product. However, marketing has always been one of the major problems of smallholder and family farmers. The present descriptive survey research has investigated the marketing efficiency of agricultural products of rural small family farms. The study population included 2000 family farmers in Basht county in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces. Using the Georgian and Morgan table, 322 of them were studied by random cluster sampling. A questionnaire was used to collect information, the validity of which was confirmed by referring to university professors, and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The results showed that the marketing efficiency of family farm agricultural products is equal to 2.5. In other words, one unit increase in product costs, 2.5 units in price increase, which is to the benefit of the producer and to the detriment of the consumer. However, with increasing levels of education, annual agricultural income, number of workers, local infrastructure services, and financial services, the marketing efficiency of products increases. Also, increasing in size of the owned land is inversely related to the numerical value of marketing efficiency. In other words, as the size of owned land increases, the numerical value of marketing efficiency decreases. With increasing in the annual cost of agriculture, the amount of marketing efficiency decreases. The results showed that the marketing efficiency of agricultural products of literate farmers as well as farmers with arable land size more than 1.5 hectares was higher than other farmers. In sum, only 0.3% of farmers had marketing with the desired efficiency (equal to one), and the highest efficiency was related to the path of producers to wholesalers. Establishing marketing cooperatives and promoting a suitable cultivation pattern are among the suggestions of the present study to increase the marketing efficiency of agricultural products.
Agri Eco.
Fatemeh Rastegaripour; Fatemeh Masahi; Azizollah Arbabi
Abstract
Changing the pattern of household consumption in Iran is one of the most important issues influencing social and economic changes. Considering the issue of allocation of limited resources of the country and the management of demographic patterns of household consumption patterns, it is important to study ...
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Changing the pattern of household consumption in Iran is one of the most important issues influencing social and economic changes. Considering the issue of allocation of limited resources of the country and the management of demographic patterns of household consumption patterns, it is important to study the changes in the pattern of consumption and the factors affecting it. The main purpose of this paper is to study the effects of population dynamics and the impact of economic factors on the patterns of rural and urban consumption patterns. In order to achieve the objectives of this paper, panel data has been used with income data and household expenses during the period of 2007-2017.The results of the study showed that the changes in the household consumption pattern with the variables of education, population, unemployment, total income and household expenses are significant.And with a decline in education and unemployment, the rate of consumption increases and with the increase of other variables, ie population, total income and total cost of consumption increases.
Agri Eco.
Toktam Mohtashami
Abstract
Due to its potentials and facilities, the silk industry can be developed in various ways and play a strategic role in rural development. This study aims to provide strategies for the development of the silk industry in the country in order to enable development, especially in the rural sector. To this ...
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Due to its potentials and facilities, the silk industry can be developed in various ways and play a strategic role in rural development. This study aims to provide strategies for the development of the silk industry in the country in order to enable development, especially in the rural sector. To this end, first, using literature and interviewing experts in this field, 12 external points and 11 internal points were identified and prioritized. Then, based on a strategic model (TOWS), the development strategies of this industry were determined. The statistical population of this research is 36 specialists and experts familiar with the internal and external operations and environment of this industry and all the collected information has been obtained through the consensus of expert judgments. The results showed that the strategy of reconstruction and strengthening the integration of weaving in the silk value chain is selected as the best strategy. Based on these findings, suggestions are made that can provide a roadmap for policy makers to develop the silk industry and strengthen its competitiveness.
Agri Eco.
mahdiyeh saei; pirouz shakeri; asghar salehi; safatollah rahmani
Abstract
Due to the different climates, some areas of Kerman province have a good ability to raise and maintain livestock, especially in rural and nomadic areas, which has a large share in providing meat and dairy products needed by people in the province and even exported to neighboring provinces. . In recent ...
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Due to the different climates, some areas of Kerman province have a good ability to raise and maintain livestock, especially in rural and nomadic areas, which has a large share in providing meat and dairy products needed by people in the province and even exported to neighboring provinces. . In recent years, drought, water crisis, loss of pastures, smuggling and rising livestock costs, etc. have caused great damage to this strategic sector. The purpose of this study was to investigate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the dairy industry in the rural areas of Kerman province through the analysis of internal and external factors. The instrument used was a questionnaire and descriptive statistics and SWOT analysis were used to analyze the information. The results showed that "the existence of climate diversity in the province" is the most important strength and "non-timely payment of milk prices by industries" are the most important weakness in the dairy industry. In addition, "increasing demand for milk and dairy products" was the most important external opportunity and "fluctuations and rising livestock costs" were the most important external threats to the industry. Also, according to the findings of the study, weaknesses and threats are more important in the dairy industry and are in a situation where the system can act with the help of defensive strategy to reduce weaknesses and threats.
Agri Eco.
Shahram Moghaddas Farimani; Mahdieh Sadat Mirtorabi; Seyyed Soheil Ghaemmaghami
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to identify the determinates factors of economic empowerment and effective factors on it of rural women in Zanjan province. The statistical population of the study consisted of all members of rural women's microfinance funds in the province of Znjan (N=636) that 154 of ...
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The purpose of this research was to identify the determinates factors of economic empowerment and effective factors on it of rural women in Zanjan province. The statistical population of the study consisted of all members of rural women's microfinance funds in the province of Znjan (N=636) that 154 of them were selected according to Cochran formula. This research was a survey and a researcher-made questionnaire was used to data collection. Reliability of the questionnaire by calculating Cranach's alpha (α= 0.96 & 0.86) and Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts. The results of ranking the determinants of economic empowerment of rural women by exploratory factor analysis showed, participation in income generation activities, individual and intellectual ability in economic and financial affairs, participation in household economic decisions, assistance and support on economic issues and cost control over funds were able to explain 68.44% of the total variance. Also, according to the results of exploratory factor analysis the most important explanations for the economic empowerment of rural women in Zanjan province submitted in 5 factors included: Interact with the social environment, mental and financial empowerment, education and social communication, home and economic partnership and freedom and authority to act. These factors were able to explain 40.59% of the total variance.
Agri Eco.
fatemeh Rastegaripoor; Amir Salari; fatemeh azizzadeh
Abstract
Water crisis worldwide and nationwide is serious and critical; therefore, water management in urban, agricultural and industrial areas is regarded as an update issue; however, due to maximum use of water in agriculture, management of irrigation water used for agricultural products has become more important ...
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Water crisis worldwide and nationwide is serious and critical; therefore, water management in urban, agricultural and industrial areas is regarded as an update issue; however, due to maximum use of water in agriculture, management of irrigation water used for agricultural products has become more important requiring programming and altering irrigation water consumption pattern to enhance the efficiency of irrigation water. Accordingly, in this study the indicator of virtual water of sugar beet is measured in Torbat Heydariyeh. The data and statistics were gathered from agricultural Jihad organization, meteorological organization, and ministry of energy during 2011 to 2019. The model used is ecological water footprint index and other related indicators.The results showed that the amount of virtual sugar beet in normal state was 1.2 m3 / kg and with 35% efficiency was 3.4 m3 / kg. The total amount of virtual water from sugar beet exports from Khorasan Razavi province has been increasing over the years. The green water footprint in sugar beet production is 265 million cubic meters per year, which is about 0.14 of the total water footprint calculated. Also, white water footprint in sugar beet production is 950 million cubic meters per year, which is about 52% of the total estimated water footprint, which is due to the low efficiency of irrigation systems in the region. The higher share of blue footprint than green footprint indicates that there is less rain benefit and greater evapotranspiration. Therefore, using irrigation systems with higher efficiency and reducing sugar beet spring sowing area is recommended in Torbat Heydarieh city.
Agri Eco.
Maryam Ghasemi; mahdi masoumi
Abstract
The most important task after the production of any product is to deliver that product to the consumers. Boqmech village in Chenaran city is considered as the center of tobacco production in Khorasan Razavi province for various historical, environmental, social and economic reasons; However, it faces ...
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The most important task after the production of any product is to deliver that product to the consumers. Boqmech village in Chenaran city is considered as the center of tobacco production in Khorasan Razavi province for various historical, environmental, social and economic reasons; However, it faces many problems in product (Tobacco wood and leaves) marketing. Therefore, identifying the best tobacco marketing strategies will have a great impact on improving the economic situation of the people living in the region. The present study, in the framework of strategic planning, while recognizing the internal and external factors affecting tobacco marketing, provides appropriate strategies in tobacco marketing. The research was conducted in a descriptive-analytical method. To achieve the objectives of the research, 17 strengths, 23 weaknesses, 10 opportunities and 17 threats facing tobacco marketing were identified through the analysis of government policies, interviews with tobacco marketing activists and a number of tobacco growers. The analysis unit was 41 tobacco growers and activists in the field of tobacco marketing. In this research, two strategic planning tools, SWOT and QSPM, were used. In the SWOT matrix, according to the final scores in IFE = 2.54 and EFE = 2.170, the optimal competitive strategies (maximum-minimum) to improve tobacco marketing were identified. Optimal strategies were identified with the help of Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) and prioritization, as the most important strategy identified with a score of 0.996 was “to form a cooperative in the village with the participation of all tobacco growers”.
Agri Eco.
Zahra Bahremand Paskeh; Mohammad Kavoosi Kalashami
Abstract
One of the major problems in agriculture in Guilan province is land use change. The change of use of agricultural lands in this province annually removes part of the fertile lands from the production cycle. The main purpose of this study is to identify the factors which affects the change of use of agricultural ...
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One of the major problems in agriculture in Guilan province is land use change. The change of use of agricultural lands in this province annually removes part of the fertile lands from the production cycle. The main purpose of this study is to identify the factors which affects the change of use of agricultural lands in the village of Belgor. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and has a descriptive -analytical nature. Survey was used to collect information. The statistical sample of the study include local experts of the village and n=50 people were selected. The research instrument is a research-made questionnaire whose formal validity was confirmed by experts and its reliability was confirmed by pre-test and Alpha Cronbach (0.86) coefficient. The factor analysis technique was used for analyzing data through SPSS software. The results of factor analysis determined four elements as the most important factors affecting land use change including ; the governing Factor , the cause of life problems in the village, economic Factor and environmental Factor. These four factors identified 66.57% of the agricultural land use change factor. According to the results, the most important driving force in changing the use of agricultural lands in the village of Belgor is the governing Factor. By focusing on this issue, amending and enacting new laws can prevent the upward trend of lands use change in this village.
Agri Eco.
Tina tiiinaaamooo@gmail.com
Abstract
Abstract:In this study, the amount of energy consumption and its efficiency for pomegranate fruit production in areas of Mahwalat city of Khorasan-Razavi, was investigated by data envelopment analysis approach. The information required for the study was completed by completing 80 questionnaires among ...
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Abstract:In this study, the amount of energy consumption and its efficiency for pomegranate fruit production in areas of Mahwalat city of Khorasan-Razavi, was investigated by data envelopment analysis approach. The information required for the study was completed by completing 80 questionnaires among pomegranate orchard farmers in 2017. According to the data collected from the field study on how to perform agricultural operations on this crop, the amounts of input and output energies were calculated and their efficiency was evaluated. The results showed that the energy of two inputs of fuel and nitrogen fertilizer with 44.15 and 29.64%, respectively, were the most consumed energy inputs in production. The average production of pomegranate in Dughabad village was 7043.75 kg / ha and the total energy consumption in pomegranate orchards was 13383 MJ / ha. The results also showed that with decreasing the use of chemical fertilizers and increasing the use of machinery in pomegranate orchards, the average efficiency increases. Therefore, it is recommended to use less chemical fertilizers in pomegranate orchards. It is also suggested to increase the use of agricultural machinery to save time and increase efficiency.Keywords: Energy, Performance, Pomegranate, Mahvelat city, Consumption Pattern
Agri Eco.
Seyed Mojtaba Mojaverian; Roghayeh Zahedian tejeneki; Seyed Ali Hosseini Yekani
Abstract
Rice Mills are one of the oldest and most important agricultural conversion industries in Mazandaran province. Despite the large number of these units in Mazandaran province, so far little research has been done to measure their efficiency. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting ...
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Rice Mills are one of the oldest and most important agricultural conversion industries in Mazandaran province. Despite the large number of these units in Mazandaran province, so far little research has been done to measure their efficiency. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting the efficiency of these units. To achieve the objectives of the study, 167 questionnaires were completed by random sampling from different cities of the Mazandaran province in 2018. The Tobit model was used to identify the factors affecting the performance of units. The results of Tobit model showed that the coefficients of potential unit capacity, the number of working days, the energy cost share of the costs, higher education than manager's diploma, manager's age, workers' training programs, advertising and city (Abbas Abad, Noshahr, Chalus and Tonekabon) variables, respectively 0.001, -0.003, -0.003, -0.06, -0.11 and -0.08 effect on efficiency. Among these, variables of paddy capacity, number of days of activity, advertising, share of energy costs and manager age have a significant effect on efficiency. The variables of manager's education (-0.04 uneducated), advertising (0.032) and location unit (-0.03) have the most impact on the efficiency of rice mills unit. Based on the results of this research, suggestions such as training courses, payment facilities and changing the status of traditional units to modern have been provided with all due regard.
Agri Eco.
Zahra Golzari; Farshid Eshraghi; Ali Keramatzadeh
Abstract
Today, one of the most important goals for all countries is to get productivity improvement and then achieve economic growth via improving productivity. The aim of this study is to measure total productivity factor and its determinants for soybean farms in the Gorgan County as one of the main soybean ...
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Today, one of the most important goals for all countries is to get productivity improvement and then achieve economic growth via improving productivity. The aim of this study is to measure total productivity factor and its determinants for soybean farms in the Gorgan County as one of the main soybean production regions in Iran. To this end, first, total factor productivity (TFP) index is calculated by using the Tornqvist index and then, the relationship between TFP and age, experience, education and membership in cooperatives is estimated by the regression approach. This study was done as a survey and data were gathered by using questionnaires from 60 soybean farmers. The results showed that the TFP index varies from 0.37 to 1.82. About 46% of the farms had productivity less than the mean average. Also, experience, education and membership in cooperation factors had a positive and significant effect on TFP. Thus, improving them can help increase soybean production.
Agri Eco.
Yahya Safi Sis; Milad Joodi Damirchi; Mozhdeh Maleki
Abstract
The cost of forecasting the economical effects of modern biotechnology products is very high, and economic researches on the effects of cultivating these products in rural areas can play an important role in designing efficient monitoring mechanisms and agricultural innovation systems. In this regard, ...
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The cost of forecasting the economical effects of modern biotechnology products is very high, and economic researches on the effects of cultivating these products in rural areas can play an important role in designing efficient monitoring mechanisms and agricultural innovation systems. In this regard, the present study was based on qualitative paradigm and using qualitative content analysis to analyze the views of researchers of agricultural research centers on opportunities and threats to the economic dimensions of cultivation of modern biotechnology products in rural areas in 2019. In order to collect data, a semi-structured interview method with 23 researchers was used by snowball sampling method. The findings of this study showed that in terms of opportunities, "the inevitability of moving towards an agricultural system based on genetic engineering for self-sufficiency and export" and about of threats, "the imposition of agricultural system based on genetic engineering and political and marketing issues" influenced the cultivation of modern biotechnology products in rural areas. In line with the results, it is proposed to form a specialized committee and works in three areas: “completion of modern biotechnology researches in the field of ability to produce seeds and other inputs of modern biotechnology products in the country”, “safety assessment of environmental and health effects of modern biotechnology products” and “creating a relative agreement between proponents and opponents”, In order to provide the necessary prerequisites, cultivation of these crops in rural areas can be on the agenda.
