Env
Ali Ghasemi Ardahaee; Reza Noubakht; Nayereh Rostami
Abstract
Entrepreneurship and sustainable rural employment are the main concerns of rural planners. One of the most basic requirements for this is that young people remain in the rural areas. Accordingly, the aim of this paper is to identify individual and structural factors that are effective in keeping young ...
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Entrepreneurship and sustainable rural employment are the main concerns of rural planners. One of the most basic requirements for this is that young people remain in the rural areas. Accordingly, the aim of this paper is to identify individual and structural factors that are effective in keeping young people in rural areas. Statistical results of the bivariate and multilevel modeling (HLM) shows that rural youth are not willing to stay in rural regions. One may cite the following individual factors contributing to this lack of interest in staying in rural areas: age, marital status, education, communication with relatives in the city, as well as employment status and job skills. People with higher human capital who have technical skills and building related non-agricultural skills are not interested in staying in rural areas. Moreover, the increased population in the villages and lack of social welfare facilities in village are highly effective in reducing the tendency of young people to stay in the villages.
Mina Sadeghzadeh; Mohammad Sadegh Allahyari; Mohammad Hossain Ansari
Abstract
Access and use of sustainable asset can improve farmer economics status and farmers livelihood affected by capitals quantity and balance between these capitals. The main purpose of this descriptive-conductive research was to analysis sustainability asset in paddy systems of Rasht city. Statistical population ...
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Access and use of sustainable asset can improve farmer economics status and farmers livelihood affected by capitals quantity and balance between these capitals. The main purpose of this descriptive-conductive research was to analysis sustainability asset in paddy systems of Rasht city. Statistical population of this research contained of all paddy farmers of Rasht township in 1392 (N= 84772), where sample size determines by Krejcie and Morgan sample size (n= 401). The questionnaire included 42 indicators and 13 components for five sustainable livelihoods capitals (physical, human, social, financial and natural). Content and face validity of research tool was obtained by a panel of experts. In order to obtain reliability of questionnaire, Coder- Richardson was used (0.96). The results show that human capital has highest level among five sustainable capitals. Physical capital, social capital, financial capital and natural capital ranked in order. Total component indicators for physical, human, financial, social and natural capitals calculated 1.03, 1.361, 0.866 and 0.8, respectively. This results show that improve in current capitals of rural areas would help to sustainability of paddy cultivation systems.
