Tourism
bahram imani; omid hamid naneh karan
Abstract
This research was done in the year 2021 and is based on its applied purpose and in terms of its analytical and exploratory nature. The method of data collection, according to the nature of the research study, is both library and field. Qualitative data was collected through an open questionnaire and ...
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This research was done in the year 2021 and is based on its applied purpose and in terms of its analytical and exploratory nature. The method of data collection, according to the nature of the research study, is both library and field. Qualitative data was collected through an open questionnaire and document review. Quantitative data was prepared numerically and by weighting the Delphi questionnaire. In such a way that first the indicators were collected in different dimensions, and then they were provided to specialists and experts. In order to identify driving and key variables, the model of mutual effects has been used in the form of Mic Mac software. In the next step, after identifying the key factors, 30 experts were asked to assign a score of 0 to 3 to the indicators based on their degree of influence in the framework of the matrix of mutual effects. the results showed that six variables were in independent positions, two variables were input variables, two were dependent variables, and two were in binary positions. Also, the factor of planned tourism in the villages, whose direct impact was 24, as the input factor with the highest determining power in the first place, is the key driver for the development of tourism in the villages of Nair City from the expert panel's point of view. Also, environmental protection, residential facilities, and health facilities of the village were in second place with an impact rate of 17. In this regard, it is suggested to develop a codified programme for the development of rural tourism according to the powers and potentials of the region. In such a way that the development of the tourism industry in rural areas is studied as a new strategy by local communities, political agents, and planners who are considered important factors in the reform of rural areas and can play a major role in the development of these areas.
bahram imani; behroz fathi
Abstract
Village’s managers’ selection as a new rural management can be considered as a turning point in the history of rural management From the beginning, the village management have been using cooperation, people's participation, government grants to resolve the public needs, improve and clean ...
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Village’s managers’ selection as a new rural management can be considered as a turning point in the history of rural management From the beginning, the village management have been using cooperation, people's participation, government grants to resolve the public needs, improve and clean the environment, maintaining and exploiting infrastructure, to do their activities. The purpose of the present research is to investigate the functioning of the organizations in a proper governance framework from the point of view of the residents of the villages of the central part of Ardabil city.The present research is practical in terms of its purpose and the descriptive-analytical in nature. The statistical population of this study is 34 villages with a population of 28199 and 8151 families. The sample size was estimated at 380 people based on the Cochran formula. The dispersion of samples' numbers in the villages was distributed based on their populations and the selection of samples in rural areas has been systematically random. In order to analyze of the village’s managers, eight indicators (Participation, legitimacy, accountability, accountability, pivotal justice, collective agreement, transparency, efficiency and effectiveness) were used in 60 items. The questionnaire was designed with closed questions in the form of the five-choice Likert scale. The formal validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of expert professors. The reliability of the questionnaire was 0.784 based on Cronbach's alpha. The results of one-sample t-test with a mean of 2.07 showed that the proper governance of the villages of the central ardabil villages was lower than the average. The results show of the work of the governors is less than the average according to the proper rule of the residents of villages in the central part of Ardebil and is not in desirable conditions.
Agricultural Extension and Education
bahram imani; Soheyla Bakhtar; Saied Jafari
Abstract
Organic farming is a holistic production management system which enhances agro ecosystem health by maintaining and enhancing biodiversity, biological cycles and soil biological activity. However, there are many obstacles in the way of implementing this system. . Hence, identifying the barriers and promoters ...
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Organic farming is a holistic production management system which enhances agro ecosystem health by maintaining and enhancing biodiversity, biological cycles and soil biological activity. However, there are many obstacles in the way of implementing this system. . Hence, identifying the barriers and promoters of rural perspective is essential. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the aspects of rural communities in relation with the barriers and promoters of organic farming. This research study is an applied research that is based on a descriptive analytical approach. The statistical population used in this study consists of 64 villages with over 20 households in the central part of the city of Ardabil with a total population of 50039. According to the Cochran formula, the sample size was estimated to be 356. In order to gather the required information library and field methods were used. The indicators that were designed for preparing the questionnaire were economic, technical-information, management and social factors in two dimensions of restrictive and leading factors in the form of 42 variables. The SPSS19 and Lisrel software packages were used in order to analyze the data. Based on the results, among the organic farming restrictions, social factors had the maximum amount of restricting effect and economic factors had the minimum amount of restricting effect. Among the promoting factors, technical and informational factors had the greatest impact on the advancement of organic agriculture and the economic factors had the least impact.
